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6° IN MEMORY OF 
HENRY OGDEN AVERY 
ARCHITECT «2 6KOS> 

BORN THIRTY-FIRST 
JANUARY MDCCC LII 
DIED THIRTIETH APRIL 
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<@/OYO-HIS PARENTS 
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GEO. D. MASON. ARCHITECT 


BATHROOM IN WM. FINK RESIDENCE, DETROIT, MICH. 


A beautiful Bathroom 
Touches of Gold upon the White Tile borders 


Plate II 


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GEO. D. MASON, ARCHITECT 


The mellow reddish Brown of the Tile yields 


Plate VI 


pleasing Contrast with Foliage and Lawn 


THE CGC. PARDEE WORKS, Inc. 


Manufacturers of 


VV Ee He VVeAt Ie ee oe GB RANT GS 
AND GRUEBY-FAIENCE 


WORKS: PERTH AMBOY, NEW JERSEY 


EXHIBITION OFFICES 


DP Wo TOI TD WoRIUP IMSL SIDING AP, INDY SAOIRIRKG, INis We 
1600 WALNUT STREET PHILADELPHIA, PA: 
7016 EUCLID AVENUE, CLEVELAND, OHIO 


OLPICESANDSWAREHOUSE 
1510 SANTA FE AVENUE, LOS ANGELES, CAL. 


REPRESENTA ELV 5 
59 EAST ADAMS STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. 


eee noe Be oe e ote oe 


ENTRANCE LOBBY, EXHIBITION ROOMS 
THE C. PARDEE WORKS, NEW YORK CITY 


DESCRIPTION 


At the Paris Exposition, in 1900, Grueby-Faience was 
awarded two gold medals, the highest honor possible for a 
first exhibition. In making their award, the judges said: 
‘““Grueby colors are noted not only for their depth, but for 
their delicate texture, which gives a restful lasting interest and 
pleasure. The greens are like the skin of a watermelon, the 
vellows like the skin of a pumpkin, and the more delicate 
colors not unlike the petals of a rose.”’ 


The first Faience to be manufactured in America, they owe 
their character to a lifetime of research and experimentation. 


Burned at high temperatures, the Grueby glazes are of 
practically unlimited durability, and years of use only mellow 
the depth and soft beauty of their colors. 


Many shades, each distinct in itself, give wide range of 
choice for the harmonious treatment of interiors. 


The Grueby colors may be had on either a red plastic or 
a buff dust-body, neither completely vitrified, but each carried 
only to the point where durability is reached, but sufficient 
viscosity retained for firmness of grip and ease of application. 
It is the closer than usual approach to vitrification that gives 
Grueby-Faience its permanency, renders it frost proof, and 
makes it particularly suitable for unenclosed pools and exteriors. 


The buff dust-body is very true in size and outline, lend- 
ing itself particularly to wainscoting and setting with close 
joints, while the slight irregularity of the red plastic body 
makes preferable a wider interval and gives the pleasing effect 


of greater warmth and of age. 


51 
224 217 207 212 Poin MIRROR BLACK 


INDIGO AUTUMN HYDRANGEA OLIVE GREEN AMBER 
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231 202 230 303 294 126 
SEAL BROWN TURQUOISE PEARL GRAY SURF GREEN CANARY YELLOW ROBINS EGG BLUE 


THE STANDARD COLORS AND SHADES OF GRUEBY-FAIENCE 


On the opposite page are illustrated a number of the 
Grueby-Faience decorative inserts in both the geometric and 
natural designs. If only one color of glaze is desired it is ap- 
plied to the depressed part of the tile, the raised portions 
showing the unglazed body of the tile, either red plastic or 
brindle gray. ‘These are manufactured in any combination of 
our standard colors. 


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One of the Grueby-Faience panels in 
the cathedral of St. John the Divine, 
New York City, executed in blues, 
greens and white, illustrating the 
wealth of detail available for sym- 
bolic designs. 


Tile is particularly appropriate for church 


pavements where in addition to its beauty 


and permanency, it may be made expres- 
sive through symbolism of treatment and 


design. 


Naves and transepts are preferably in 
reds and browns, the more earthy colors, 


progressing into the greens and blues and 
gold as the chancel and altar are ap- 


proached. 


The wide range of color and design pro- 
vided in Grueby-Faience make it possible 
to carry out conceptions of the finest and 


most tasteful character. 


In the Exhibition Bath 
of the Crane Company in 
Chicago, the walls in lem- 
on yellow and base in 
Chinese mirror black 
combine warmth of color 
with perfect sanitation. 


In the corridors of the 
Haverford Township 
School the Grueby-Haute- 
ville wainscots in warm 
and restful tones do not 
absorb the light, and keep 
this item of expense at a 
minimum. 


A Grueby- Faience 
niche in the entrance 


lobby of the Haverford: 


Township School gives a 
touch of color to the neu- 
tral tones of the wainscot 
in Grueby-Hauteville. 


The high, smooth glaze 
of the Grueby-Hauteville 
prevents it from receiving 
pencil marks, and pre- 
sents for schools that un- 
usual combination, the 
beautiful and the practi- 
cal. 


In the Exhibition 
Kitchen of the Grane 
Company, NewYork City, 
a very pleasing combina- 
tion is found in Grueby- 
Hauteville for the walls, 
and Sand Gray for the 
border of the floor. 


In the Exhibition 
Kitchen of the Crane 
Company in Chicago, the 
walls in Grueby-Haute- 
ville, and base in Chinese 
mirror black give both the 
appearance and actuality 
of immaculate cleanli- 
ness. 


A Grueby-Faience floor in two shades of 
dull gray, which illustrates a random pattern 
of various sizes and shapes, proves a very in- 
teresting treatment and in perfect harmony. 


A Grueby-Faience pavement in jade green 
hexagonals gives to this confectionery a tone 
of distinction and individuality that is a real 
commercial asset. 


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In the lobby of the Heckscher Foundation for children, New 
York City, the walls in Grueby-Hauteville are set in 6-inch units 
divided into panels by lines of Chinese Mirror Black of various 
widths, and the projection of the pilasters from the walls is cleverly 
emphasized by a treatment in the smaller 4-inch tile. The pave- 
ment of Sand Gray set diagonally is bordered by Brindle Gray whose 
darker shades provide a pleasing transition to the black base. The 
picture panels at the top contain a great variety of the Grueby 
colors and are executed from original drawings. 


Engraved and Printed in U. S. A. 
by The Beck Engraving Company 
Philadelphia, Pa. 


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, 


Mr. Walter H. Gieske, Architect 


Lower Portion of Wall in White Glazed Tile with Dull Green Bands 
Upper Portion in Faience Tile of various Colors. 


Floor of White and Green Ceramic Mosaic Tile, laid Herring-bone Pattern. 


Kruger’s Lunch Room, Baltimore, Md. 
Executed by National Mantel & Tile Co. 


IX 


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BATHROOM, Residence Mr. W. E. Boeing, Seattle, Wash. 


Executed by Wm. W. Kellogg 


White Tile Floor consists of three-inch Octagons with one-inch square Dots. Walls in 


Plate XIII 


six-by-six-inch White Glazed Wall Tile, with Ceiling Cove and Window Trim 


BULLETIN 


Mr. H. J. Kolb, Engineer of Design 


STATION BUILDING, N. Y. Municipal Railway, Sea Beach Line, Brooklyn, N. Y. 


Executed by Wm. H. Jackson Co. 


Reds, Browns and Greens on a Ground of Light Tan 


Tile Work 


Plate VIII 


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LIBRARY MANTEL, Residence Mr. F. S. Harmon, Tacoma, Wash. Mr. Frederick Heath, Architect 
Executed by Wm. W. Kellogg 


A Tile Fireplace of charming Beauty in quaint Pastel Colorings 
and diverse Glazes 


Plate XIX 


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Mr. Robert C. Fayfield, Architect 


PIERROT ROOM, Waldorf Lunch, Albany, N. Y. 


Executed by E. P. Finn Co., Inc. 


Plate XXIII 


tence 


the Fa 


and the Glazed Ceramic Mosaic of the 


ight Glazed Wall Tile. Pictorial Decorations hand painted 


tt Glazed Tile. Floor consists of Vitreous Tile, laid Basket Pattern. 


in 


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Border. Walls of Br 


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of the Drop Panels, Medallions and Fr 


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Mr. Frederick Thomas, Architect 
Plate XXIV 


The narrow outside Rows are Dull Green. 


The Center of the Border consists of plain buff and variously 


A Suggestion for adding Color and harmonious Embellishment to Stucco and Concrete Surfaces 


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bles: . 


Messrs. Noonan & Richards, Architects 


STOWELL HOTEL, Los Angeles, Cal. 


Executed by Parker Tile & Mantel Co. 


Tile, owing to its extreme Durability and decorative Value, makes an excellent 


Material for the Surfacing of Treads, Risers and Staircasings. 


Plate XXIX 


ai) 


- 


72 0) i— on 
KASS fe Vi 


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all 


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ry 


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SyDOIYOIY ‘PIuUIyoS 2 [YEN] “sassayy TH “°8e2145 “ASNVC AC SIV1Vd 


TERRACE, J. W. Bettendorf Residence, Davenport, Iowa 
Executed by Wm. H. Hoops & Co. 


Inserts of simple design in deep Color set into a 
Ground of Celadon Flint Tile Plate XXXIII 


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NR 64% ehe 


SUN PARLOR, J. W. Bettendorf Residence, Davenport, Iowa 


Executed by Wm. H. Hoops & Co. 
This attractive Floor consists of Gray Flint Tile, six by six inches in size, 
Plate XXXII 


with Inserts in various Colors and Designs 


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TILE PANELS, Percy L. Shuman Residence, San Mateo, Cal. Mr. B. K. Maybeck, Architect 
Executed by Eri H. Richardson 


The Brownish Red Unglazed Tile between the Timbers adds Color, Distinction 
and Charm. Its Durability and Self-cleaning Qualities are 
advantages of practical value in many seclions. Plate XX XIX 


; r 
= i 77 . ‘ 
: - a 
: : ‘ . : 
* j 
‘ 


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SAESO WN TIT ‘O8e91YyD ‘eouepisey uosuryoinyy “Ss “S ‘WOON .LSVINVAYG 


BATHROOM, Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co., Boston Messrs. Hartwell, Richardson & Driver, Architects 


Executed by Waldo Brothers, Inc. 

Walls of 6" x 3" White Glazed Wall Tile arranged in Panels, and separated by two rows 
of 14" square White Glazed. The Corner Pieces have a Turquoise Green 

APRS gs _ Center and Diagonals of Deep Blue. The Floor consists of 24" 

— Cream Ceramic Mosaic with Dots of Dark Green. 


Mp es i 


Plate XLII 


seme Usa) nan 


IIITX 31d 


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qweyory ‘pinoy usisey “Wy “AJA “YSPAN “OTH PAS ‘sepouy “f WeEqTy “AA euepIsey “FOV IAI 


b comeil | 
= 


Messrs. Tallmadge & Watson, Architects 


SHOWER, Residence Robert D. Lay, Chicago 


BATHROOM AND 
Executed by Interior Tiling Co. 
Wainscot of 414" x 414" White Glazed Wall Tile with 6" x3" Molded 
Cap and 6” x 6’ Cove Base. Floor of 1” x2” White 
Vitreous Tile laid Herringbone Pattern. Plate XLV 


— 
- 
: 


ve. 


— 


THE C. PARDEE WORKS, Inc. 


Manufacturers of 


VV EWA ie Gi ee GHRAMICGS 
ISUNTD) (GARACN SIENA DSO8) 


WORKS: PERTH AMBOY, NEW JERSEY 


EXHIBITION OFFICES 


? EX FORTY FIFTH STREET, NEWYORK, N:Y- 
1600 WALNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
7016 EUCLID AVENUE, CLEVELAND, OHIO 


OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE 
1510 SANTA FE AVENUE, LOS ANGELES, CAL. 


REPRESENTATIVE 
59 EAST ADAMS STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. 


. 
\\ 


es 
Nagi 


B 5 BASE B 5 CC. REV. B 5 CX. 


B 6 BASE B6 CC. REV. B 6 CX. 


REV. 


REV. 


F 4 CAP F 4 CC. REV. F 4 CX. REV. 


CERAMIC 
COVE 
AND 
BEAD 


CERAMIC BEAD 


F4 


B6 


SECTIONS FULL SIZE—ELEVATIONS ONE-QUARTER FULL SIZE 


= 
2 
ra 


FIELD PATTERNS 


11 


101 


111 


113 


115 


30 


1 


119 


BORDER PATTERNS 


100 


144 107-B 


102-B 


140 4 


BORDER PATTERNS 


28 


B 


149- 


142 


FIELD PATTERN 


Waly 


FIELD PATTERN 


200 


FIEIN Te Noms 
ABRASION AND ACID PROOF 


It is now more than ten years since a New England producer of 
gas and coke presented to The Grueby Faience and Tile Company, then 
of Boston, the problem whose solution resulted in the production of 


FlintuNoalS: 


Steel plates an inch in thickness were then being used as the lining 
for a hopper over which there passed in each twenty-four-hour period 
some four hundred and eighty tons of warm coke, intensely abrasive 
material, and particularly so for still containing traces of sulphuric acid. 


Under these conditions, experience had shown for the hardest steel 
an average life of only nine months, and so the large and seemingly 
unavoidable expense, both of frequent replacement and the consequent 
interruption of manufacture. 


However, when the need for renewing the lining next arose, the 
steel plates were not replaced, but instead the surface was covered witha 
fired clay unit, whose smooth and almost oily texture gave little indica- 
tion of its great wearing qualities. 


This is now nine years ago, and since then the hopper has been in 
constant daily use without the renewal of a single unit. 


The many other and different installations which have been made 
since that time have confirmed not only its resistance to abrasion, but 
have shown it to be proof against all acids except hydrofluoric. 


These units are manufactured in two sizes, four by four, and four 
by two inches, with angles in standard patterns. 


The basement of the 
American Circle Building, 
New York City, is one of 
the main: exits from the 
Columbus Circle Station 
of the subway, and 
although installed in 
1914, and subject to the 
heaviest traffic, the 
Grueby Sand Gray floor 
shows not the slightest 
sign of wear. 


In this apartment 
house lobby, New York 
City, the pavement in 
Grueby Sand Gray is 
enlivened with black in- 
serts which bring out the 
delicate shade variations 
of the body, and effect a 
floor of most tasteful 
character. 


The tub room of a 
children’s hospital in 
New York City, shows 
the pleasing effect of the 
Grueby Sand Gray in 
conjunction with white 
wall tile. 


Foot bath and entrance 
to the pool in the Heck- 
scher Foundation, New 
York City. The waine 
scot in Grueby Sand 
Gray, in the basket pat- 
tern, with trim in Chinese 
Mirror Black, and floor 
in the same material in 
the herringbone design, 
make a very beautiful 
combination. ° 


The quiet dignity of 
the Grueby Sand Gray 
has made it particularly 
popular for the pavement 
of banking institutions. 
In the Fourth National 
Bank of Wichita, Kansas, 
it 18 quite in keeping 
with walls and pilasters 
of marble. 


The non-slipping fea- 
ture of Grueby Sand 
Gray makes it particu- 
larly suitable for the 
runways about pools, 
minimizing the chance of 
accident. It is so used 
in the pool room of the 
Heckscher Foundation 
for Children, New York 
City. 


COPYRIGHT, 1924 
THE C. PARDEE WORKS, INc. 


THE C. PARDEE WORKS, Inc. 


Manufacturers of 


WVISUPIPIO, MWGAWEIL, TPINEI ED, (GOR NIN GRS 
AND GRUEBY-FAIENCE 


WORKS: PERTH AMBOY, NEW JERSEY 


EXHIBITION OFFICES 


2 Pe HORRRYERIE DHS UR BE. bwINiE WY ORK UNI Y 
1600 WALNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
7016 EUCLID AVENUE, CLEVELAND, OHIO 


OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE 
1510 SANTA FE AVENUE, LOS ANGELES, CAL. 


REPRESENTATIVE 
59 EAST ADAMS STREET, CHICAGO, ILL, 


aa le 


= 
= = ~ =e a = 
= “PSormay |, 


THE C. PARDEE WORK SN Onc er fy Rule een D Osean ane 


NEW YORK CITY 


aie 


ie ee 


ed wif 


i 


SS 
THE ROOSEVELT 
NEW YORK CITY 


22:3 7a eA 
32:2) 03 


5 


THE BELDEN 
CHICAGO, ILL 


‘THE PENNSYLVANIA 
NEW YORK CITY 


THE careful selection of the 
finest clays obtainable, coupled 
with an experience of more 
than a quarter century of 
manufacturing, has produced 
a bright white glazed wall tile 
having among its other supe- 
rior qualities the outstanding 
virtue of being of a perfect 
whiteness which challenges 
the closest scrutiny in any en- 
deavor to distinguish one piece 
from another by its shade. 


Ff ULL size tile, accurate sizing 
and constant vigilance to main- 
tain the highest standards of 
grading have made it the un- 
qualified choice of the discrim- 
inating purchaser. 


THE surrounding hotels, con- 
taining many thousands of 
baths, are but a few of those 
which by their selection and 
use testify to the quality of- 
PARDEE TILE. 


~ THE AMBASSADOR 
ATLANTIC CITY. N. J. 


SHS RE 
THE COMMODORE 
NEW YORK CITY 


———— ———— SS 


THE AMBASSADOR 
NEW YORK CITY 


FOr new nn enn 
i ae DTT 


H%) 


THE PROVIDENCE BILTMORE 
PROVIDENCE, R. I. 


ee 
Ria 


WHITE BRIGHT GLAZED WALLY TI EA NDS Riv 


A clearly drawn order reduces to a minimum the possibility of error in shipment, and obviates the delay 
necessary to obtain an interpretation of any indefinite terms. 
If the terms of this catalogue are used in specifications and orders, this end will be served. 


[Pe PLAINEW Ale blige 
SIZES: 6x6,6x 3,6x2,4% x44%,4% x 2% 


Ik WALLS TILE RIM SIZE 
A-55. Base (Stretcher) . ies ~ OW GsaG 
Base Concave Angle, Right . ; OD aEXEO 
Base Convex Angles, Right and Left . Mey a sets 
Base Stops, Right and Left Oe xee 
A-65.  Inglaze (Stretcher) . : 0 SExaG 
Inglaze Concave SE: (Romer Olea 
Inglaze Concave Angle Square, Left . Oommen 
Inglaze Convex Angles, Right and Left Are seks) 
Outglaze (Stretcher) : A OMEEXEG 
Outeglaze Concave Angle hare er 4 OeaexXao 
Outglaze Convex Angle (Reversible) > OFEXeG 
B-16. Trim (Stretcher) . woe wy a ty GLEN ST ge Ba ce BO a 
Trim Angle (Rev ais) ob ee ee Be OLE ed he 
B-6. Inglaze (Stretcher) . : docs By be suns, “eh ee afe see ip Day eA pe Be eee GG nn cr rrr 
Inglaze Concave Vk (Roe nim pilin neo toe ol eS ae PRS ee. ee 
Inglaze Convex Angles, Right and Left ........:.....+. ss. 2 © | seo S4eemneee 
Outelaze (Stretcher) "eee wees VRS sb ae CO tvs an 2 OS 
Outglaze Concave Anoles Right ad fen Oh RS eb ee el. TO ae ee ae 
Outglaze Convex Angle (Reversible) « . 2... 5 2. 6s ee se oe eee 
Outglaze Butterfly (Reversible). . 52 5 su 2 3 ee 


Co Cap or Trim (Stretcher) . 
Cap Concave Angle, Left, Rome or cre 
Cap Convex Angle, Left ; 
Trim Vertical Angle (Rev =i) 
Stops, Right and Left . 


a 


Xoo 
xa3 
es 
ne 
Xn 


eee 
Xue 
ae 
See 
x 2% 
Kee 
ae! 
ay 
ey 


F225: Cap (Stretcher) ; : 
Cap Concave Angle, en 
Cap Concave Angle Square, Left . 
Cap Convex Angles, Right and Left . 
Cap Verticle Angle (Reversible) 
Base (Stretcher) . age 
Base Concave mes Ree abe tet : : 
Base Concave Angle Squares, Right and Left . 
Base Convex Angles, Right and Left 


F-10. — Base (Stretcher) : 
Base Concave Angle, ibe : 
Base Concave Angle Square, Left . 
Base Convex Angles, Right and Left . 
Base Reducer (Reversible) . 


@» (@N ep (EN en CSO ON ONEIOONE ON ONS ON @n 2) @ @N 
H 
SN 


a 0 
NNN WN WY 


F-45. 


G-60. 


Il. WALL TILE TRIM (Continued) 


Cap (Stretcher) é 
Cap Concave Angle, tere Round or iSauere 
Cap Convex Angles, Right and Left . 

Cap Stops, Right and Left . 


Cap (Stretcher) 
Cap Concave Angle, Mere Rounce or Square 
Cap Convex Angles, Right and Left . 

Stops, Right and Left . 


Inglaze (Stretcher) . 

Inglaze Concave are (Reveribl ayn 
Inglaze Convex Angle (Reversible) . 
Inglaze Reducer (Reversible). . 
Outglaze (Stretcher) . . 

Outglaze Concave Svinte (Ree ale 
Outglaze Convex Angle (Reversible) 
Outglaze Reducer (Reversible). . 


Inglaze (Stretcher) . 

Inglaze Concave Anele (ee ersible)s 
Inglaze Convex Angles, Right and ee 
Outglaze (Stretcher) . 

Outglaze Concave ales Rene and tent 
Outglaze Convex Angle (Reversible) 
Outglaze Butterfly (Reversible) . . 


Inglaze (Stretcher) . 
Outglaze (Stretcher) 
Outglaze Butterfly . 


Ii HOSPIVAL TRIM, 2-INGH RADIUS 


Inglaze (Stretcher) . 

Inglaze Concave Aaa (Rey olen 
Inglaze Convex Angle (Reversible) . 
Outglaze (Stretcher) . 

Outglaze Concave Angle (Reveribleye 
Outglaze Convex Angle (Reversible) 


Inglaze (Stretcher) ) For Angles . 
Outglaze (Stretcher) § see A- =o 5. 


Inglaze (Stretcher) ) For Angles 
Outglaze (Stretcher) ) see A-35 


Outglaze Concave Angle, Large (Reversible). . 
Outglaze Convex Angle, Large (Reversible) 


Inglaze Concave Angle, Large (Reversible) 
Inglaze Convex Angle, Large (Reversible) . 


VoL UINGTHS 
Plain . 
Beveled 
Beveled 


VRIES VV HERE CE RAMIGS 


1 inch Hexagon 1 x 1 Squares—Broken Joint 
154 inch Hexagon 


1 x 1 Squares—Straight Joint 


SIZE 


mM mM OM 


~ wm eM 


mY PS) PS. OPS OPS Opt) Opt pd 


= 

x 

. 334 x 
x 

x 

x 

x 

x 

x 

x 

x 

x 

X 
PEAS 
. 234 x 
34 x 
34 x 


x KM 


NON NH tO 


Worn 


DIE SLR DELLE LAL IEE DWE SEDER 


pOiiin sth wie PEs 


aont -| | fees anal 
a See a es <4 | seen 
terion (ad Pca | | Jaye ea ee 
ae | 4 ieee J are | 
wai a Sa ia ai is eo fea a et aes 
<i La eles? deg he Fan 4 | scent { eon — 
ns nod — a 


ce a Seas 
SAREE PH 


as 
4. 
3 corre ie 
| i 
Ser | 
| 
ie 
| ' 


A wainscot in Pardee 
White Wall and floor in 
Pardee White Ceramics 
in a bath in the Pennsyl- 
vania Hotel, New York 
City. 


The restaurant kitchen 
in the Missouri State 
Life Building in St. Louis. 
The walls and ceiling are 
finished through with 
Pardee White Wall, all 
In and Out Corners in 
2-inch radius tile. 


Pardee White Wall 
Tile in the 4x4 units in 
Prhiyvate-resiuemac, 


Newark, N. J 


Pardee White Wall Tile presents the appearance as well as the actuality of 
immaculate cleanliness, each piece manufactured being a perfect white 
of but a single shade. Thompson’s Restaurant in Providence. 


COPYRIGHT, 1924 
THE C. PARDEE WORKS, Inc. 


ao iam QGileews ate SS ae See 


One of the most far-reaching hospital prob- 
lems of today, as it was of yesterday and will 
be of tomorrow, is the sanitary, durable and 
efficient treatment of the interior. 


No more important duties fall within the 
province of the building committee than the 
selection of a suitable finish for floors, walls 
and ceilings, which play a conspicuous role in 
the healthfulness of the hospital. 


Tile is a material approved by medical au- 
thorities and architects as absolutely sanitary; 
it is unwaveringly supported by superintend- 
ents and trustees as exceptionally durable and 
economical in its maintenance. Moreover, it is 
reasonable in price, and therefore suitable for 
the smallest hospital as well as the million- 
dollar institution. 


In this booklet are set forth the reasons for 
Tile supremacy. 


THE ASSOCIATED TILE MANUFACTURERS 
BEAVER Fat.ts, Pa. 


Page One 


This copy is No. 9444 


and is presented with our compliments to 


Additional copies may be obtained at fifty cents 
per copy 


THE ASSOCIATED TILE MANUFACTURERS 


are 

| Alhambra Tile Co. Matawan Tile Co. 

| American Encaustic Tiling Co. Mosaic Tile Co. 
Atlantic Tile Manufacturing Co. erreetre eo 

Old) Bridge Ea B2& lile.Coe: 
Beaver Falls Art Tile Co. Perth Amboy Tile Works 
Brunt, file & Porcelain, Go: C. Pardee Works 
Cambridge Tile Manufacturing Co. Wheeling Tile Co. 
Grueby Faience & Tile Co: U. S. Encaustic Tile Works 
Office 


Beaver Falls, Pa. 


Copyright 1916 by 
The Associated Tile Manufacturers 


Page Two 


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Page Three 


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Page 
Interior: Finishsands5anltat10 S 
ThesCostrotsG lean tices ers ae ee ee 10 
ASDeCiSiOi ire) Prevention =e see ee 12 
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Operating Rooms 10, O10 paeeeeee eee eee 21 
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SAVINGS «a a oo? Son ee ee ne Be noe are eee ae 32 
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Page Four 


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Operating Room, Milwaukee County Tuberculosis Sanitarium (Muirdale), 
Wauwatosa, Wis.—R. Messmer & Bro., Architects 
The selection of Tile for institutions of this kind is an indorsement of its sanitary qualities. 


4 HE ideal material for hospital floors and walls, the one which most suc- 
cessfully, most practically and most profitably meets all requirements— 
not in theory alone, but in actual service—is the well-known Clay Tile 
made by the ASSOCIATED TILE MANUFACTURERS. Point for point it 
excels in usefulness—it is made for health, made to last and made to save 
money. 

The importance of suitable floors and walls in the scheme of hospital 
efficiency and economy cannot be overestimated. It has been satisfac- 
torily demonstrated that upon them largely depends whether the hospital will be 
healthy or filthy, inviting or repulsive, economical or expensive in operation. 

Perfect floors and walls must be of material that is smooth, non-absorbent, dur- 
able, fireproof and attractive. Those of soft, absorbent or combustible nature— 
though cheap—are not suitable, because they shrink, crack, split, corrode, warp or 
rot. The former have proved efficient and profitable; the latter hard to clean and 
wasteful, because they require painting, patching and finally replacing. 


Requisites of Healthfulness 
Dr. Emerson said: “A hospital is a piece of medical apparatus for use in the 
treatment of patients.” As a vital part of this apparatus, floors and walls should 
therefore first of all insure—rather than curtail—healthfulness. And there can be 
no doubt that healthfulness wholly depends upon cleanliness. 


Page Five 


THE) AS S20. Col AVT-EiD TEU BE aM eAGN SUS PEAS G TeUsRataics 


SONS 


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Operating Room, New Surgical Building, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore 
Archer & Allen, Architects. 
Tile walls and floors are invariably found in institutions of national prominence. — 


Dependable cleanliness can prevail only where thorough and efficient cleaning is 
possible. And thoroughness of cleaning hinges on the physical structure and chemi- 
cal composition of the materials used. In other words, floors and walls should be 
of non-porous and inorganic material. To facilitate quick and easy cleaning, smooth- 
ness and certain constructive features are required, such as cove bases, accessible 
corners, etc., for serious objections are offered against the use of dust-catching mould- 
ings on door and window casings, and square corners are merely another way of 
harboring filth. 

Tile for Health 

Tile is principally used in the inter- 
est of health, because it is prophylactic— 
it wards off disease—it prevents septic 
conditions. 

Since it embodies all hygienic prin- 
ciples and sanitary features and offers 
all advantages for aseptic treatment, it 
is consequently the surest and straightest 


road to healthfulness. 


Fig. 1—Concave and Convex Corner. 


Page Six 


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Delivery Room, Maternity Department, San Francisco Hospital. 
Architects: City Board of Architects. 
Tiled delivery rooms are noted for their beaming cleanliness. 


Non-absorbent 


The most valuable service rendered by Tile lies in its non-absorbent qualities. 
Being absolutely non-porous and impermeable in the widest sense of these terms, Tile 
surfaces will never permit sputum, blood, pus, vomitus, etc., to penetrate below the 
surface beyond the reach of the scrubbing brush, where such matter would soon be- 
come a menace to the institution. Mere surface waterproofing, as practised with 
some materials, cannot furnish equal protection, because if waterproofing mediums 
are absorbed, other matter may be absorbed. Adequate protection against the con- 
tamination of floors and walls can be secured by surfaces of vitreous or glazed Tile, 
which cannot be penetrated even by live steam. 


Filthproof 


The elimination of all chances for dust and filth to accumulate unnoticed is an- 
other vital point of the prophylactic service rendered by Tile. The imperviousness 
and smoothness of tiled surfaces, the extreme simplicity of all trim patterns (see 
efficiency shapes) leave no possibility for dust and other matter to get a foothold and 
escape the cleaners. A tiled hospital may therefore well be called “filthproof,” which 
is a big step in the direction of healthfulness. 

Bacteriologists tell us that pathogenic bacteria, especially pyogenic ones, always 
abound in hospitals, and do not stay or multiply in the air, but settle to floors and 
walls, where they remain virulent and propagate with remarkable rapidity. Sharp 


Page Seven 


Te He AyS'S © CLA TED) AUIS Ee eMrAGNT WRT eA ew LOU etelve 


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Instrument Room, adjoining Operating Room 


da % 


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Diet Kitchen, Mt. Zion Hospital, San Francisco.—-J. E. Krafft & Sons, Architects. 
Tile is the logical material for the “‘spick and span’’ diet kitchen. 


Page Hight 


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Public Ward, Cincinnati General Hospital.—S. Hannaford & Sons, Architects. 
The floor is of hexagonal vitreous Tile. It is durable, easily cleaned, and greatly adds to the 
attractiveness of the ward. 


corners, cracks and crevices of wooden floors and plaster walls are usually moist and 
filthy, thus offering ideal conditions for the propagation of micro-organisms, which 
are entirely done away with where Tile is used. 


In the interest of health it is also well to note the fact that in tiled hospitals there 
is no chance for the growth of other vegetable organisms, fungi, lichens, ete., which 
find encouragement in wood or in the chemical composition of some quarried stones, 
such as marble, and in turn might offer opportunities for pathogenic germs. 


Inorganic 


¢ 


Tile is entirely morganic and sterile. Due to this fact, Tile surfaces are not sub- 
ject to decay and are absolutely odorless. Obviously, these points are of great im- 
portance to the health and comfort of an institution. Special light was thrown on 
the decay of old-style floors and walls, when the source of the so-called “hospital 
smell” was investigated and disclosed. It was found that this smell—still evident in 
some institutions—was caused by anaerobic bacteria harbored within the finishing 
material, and that usually it increased—rather than diminished—with frequent wash- 
ing of the surfaces. This, in turn, led to the discovery that micro-organisms of this 
sort thrive with a regular supply of moisture and feed on the organic matter pro- 
vided in the material—cause it to decay—and in this process emit a peculiar musty 
odor. 


Page Nine 


TSH ES AvS S$; OvCi =A TabeD stesso CASNE URE RAL Ge Le Ue hates 


VOX, VOCE’ RG: 
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Typical Toilet Room, San Francisco Hospital—Architects: City Board of Architects. 
Long ago Tile was accepted as the best material for toilets. 


Germproof 

All points considered, the question of healthfulness, as far as floors and walls 
are concerned, sifts down to a question of whether a material is liable in any way 
to foster the growth of bacteria or not, and the answer to this question in regard to 
Tile is obvious. 

However, here is a statement by Dr. John A. Hornsby of Chicago: “I have washed 
these Tile with soap and water to clean the outside, and have then placed them in 
various culture media to test their impenetrability to micro-organisms. I have never 
gotten any cultures when the technique was dependable, so they do not harbor harm- 
ful bacteria.” 


LOW COST OF CLEANING 


O THE practical superintendent, the most appealing point of Tile utility 
is the obvious ease with which it may be cleaned. He figures that if 
a saving of only one cent per patient per day can be made in this way 
in a hundred-bed hospital, a total of three hundred and sixty-five dol- 
lars will annually become available for other purposes. This sum at a 
conservative estimate is equivalent to the wages of one of the cleaners, 
and considered from another viewpoint, it is also the yearly interest at 
five per cent. on an investment of seven thousand three hundred 


dollars. 


Much more substantial savings can of course be made, for the smoothness and 
non-porousness of Tile surfaces will reduce cleaning expenses considerably. Theseé 


Page Ten 


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NSLS . BOLLS 


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ee 


Utility Room, Mt. Zion Hospital, San Francisco.—J. E. Krafft & Sons, Architects. 
Tile cannot be excelled where water is used freely or splashing is unavoidable. It cannot rot, 
split, warp or disintegrate. 


characteristics, moreover, assure Maximum results where dirt and dust must be 
conquered, make it possible to clean thoroughly, and attain a state of scientific clean- 
liness, in the least time, at the least cost, and with the least effort. And this, we take 
it, is in keeping with the true definition of efficiency. 

Rough, porous surfaces can never be thoroughly cleaned. Everybody, at one 
time or another, has passed a hand over a painted plaster or cement wall, and been 
astonished at the amount of dust that finds lodgment on the tiny ledges formed by 
the sand in the material. Even vigorous rubbing cannot entirely remove soot and 
dirt from such surfaces. 

And by the way, a smooth surface requires less soap. The layman, not familiar 
with the huge quantity of soap consumed in a hospital, might lightly consider this 
point; not so, however, the experienced superintendent. 

The cost of cleaning is further greatly reduced by accessible corners, well curved 
bases and coves, simple door and window trim and similar tile utility shapes which 
are illustrated in this booklet. Square corners are veritable wasters of time and 
effort, intricate door and window casings are drawbacks to efficiency, and unless rigid 
supervision is practised, are usually neglected by the cleaners. With Tile surfaces 
employees do better work and more of it. 

In rooms where it is practicable to flush Tile floors and walls with water from a 
hose, additional savings in cleaning expense can be made. And in tiled kitchens, 
scalding effectually removes grease and other sticky matter. 


Page Eleven 


TAH HAS 5:0 Cal AvT Ei DoT ely Eee MrAgN: UaheA Celeurnsbahts 


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Nursery, Maternity Department 
Tile makes the nursery sanitary and—what is just as vital— fireproof. 


Tile for Fireproofing 


Tiling a hospital also means fireproofing it, and positive assurance for the safety 
of property and patients, because Tile is absolutely fireproof, prevents many a fire 
and hinders the rapid spread of flames. 

No building is more fireproof than its floors and walls. Combustible and semi- 
combustible materials should not be used in a hospital—otherwise “fireproof” be- 
comes a misnomer. There is but one principle to fireproof construction: inecom- 
bustible material. 

The subject of fire-prevention is of vastly greater importance than that of fire- 
fighting. The rapid spread of flames must be prevented and actual safety from fire 
provided by unburnable construction. Elaborate fire-fighting apparatus and_fire- 
escapes cannot accomplish this, and to helpless patients, fire-escapes are of little use. 
By this is not meant that there should be no fire apparatus or fire-escapes whatever, 
but that they are of very much less account than preventive measures. It is obvi- 
ously safer to prevent a fire than to fight it, or try to escape from a burning building. 

Aside from the humane aspect of fireproof construction, there is, in addition, an 
economical side worthy of consideration. The money which is fed to the flames is 
beyond recovery. Insurance seldom covers the loss, and is little consolation. Usually, 
we realize the necessity for fireproof construction and protection for property only 
when we consider the fact that the fire loss in the United States each year is one-half 
the value of the buildings erected in that time. 


Page Twelve 


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Delivery Room, Bethesda Maternity Hospital, Cincinnati.—Gustave Drach, Architect. 
An everlasting armor of aseptic material: A vitreous floor and asmooth glazed wall. 


Owing to its fireproof and fire-resistant properties, Tile has been set down as a 
choice risk by the Fire Underwriters, and thereby paves the way to further actual 
savings, accruing from low insurance premiums. 


Maxims of Durability 


The durability and low maintenance of floors and walls in a large measure rest 
with the foundation, which should be rigid and adapted to the finishing material, 
otherwise no floor or wall can last. The union between the material and the foun- 
dation has also great weight and should be perfect; fitness of the material for the 
purpose intended is a further point that must be considered and met, and in addi- 
tion, use and abuse, location, accidents and some natural phenomena, like expansion, 
contraction and atmospheric conditions, greatly influence the durability of some in- 
stallations, and must be guarded against. It is obvious that the material itself should 


be durable. 


Tile for Permanence 


Tile is best to insure permanence—it stays put—it never wears out—it never has 
to be replaced—it always remains good looking and in good condition—its durability 
is unlimited—and it retains its full value. 


Page Thirteen 


TH EAS S30 CT Asr BeD | Uae SM eASN Ue Peat Ce Uae Ene 


attractive. 

In vestibules, corridors, 
Stairways, iicliness etcau lie 
resists the constant grind of 
sand and grit and shoe-nails. 
‘ In kitchens, laundries, the 

Fig. 2—A Door Treatment, hydro-therapeutic department, 
ELS: and like portions of the hos- 
pital, where steam and alternate wetting and drying spoil other 
materials, tiled walls, floors and ceilings serve indefinitely 
without deterioration. In laboratories, where the accidental 
spilling of acids has ruined many a floor and wall, tiled sur- 
faces are advantageous, owing to their acid-resistant quali- 
ties. And so we could go along and cite individual definite 
reasons for using Tile against wear and disintegration in every 
part of the hospital. 


At any rate, the constant use of strong antiseptics, scour- 
ing solutions and cleaning compounds alone is sufficient rea- 
son why Tile should be used, for it is the only material that 
withstands their deteriorating tendencies. 

Where the hospital is located in a factory district or a 
city, Tile surfaces are the most serviceable, not only on ac- 
count of the great amount of 
soot, and consequently greater 
necessity for cleaning, but also 
on account of the disintegrat- 
ing action of atmospheric cor- 
rosives. It has been estimated 
that thirteen hundred tons of 


Tle: 


and always willl. 


Fig. 3—A Door Treatment, 
Lower Corner 


Page Fourteen 


The eternal pristine newness of Tile surfaces irre- 
sistibly claims appreciation. Painted surfaces begin to 
look shabby after a few months, though probably not 
enough to warrant repainting. 
rooms will appear unattractive most of the time; Tile 
surfaces, on the other hand, are bright and shining after 
each simple washing or flushing and keep the hospital 
inferior in a permanent state of newness. 


Consequently, the 


Tile may be used for any portion of the hospital 
with the positive assurance that it will last and remain 


RORORGRONGRORGRONG 
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Fig. 4—A Ceramic Mosaic 
Door Treatment 


sulphur dioxide gas pass into the atmosphere in New 
York City every day from the combustion of coal alone, 
as well as tons of carbon dioxide, nitric and hydro- 
chloric acids and ammonia: not one of them can affect 


Where the utmost in durability is desired or neces- 
sary, Tile is the logical material; it has proved satis- 
factory in every way in every part of the hospital— 


a 


abate Ars os OrcaleAR shone TY 1t bei MEA IN Ue Bea CUI Un Rohan 


CHEAPNESS VS. ECONOMY 
@ CEAKEAERO 


HE subject of economy is of great appeal to any hospital trustee. 
Every hospital tries its best to keep cost and running expense down 
to the lowest possible point. There comes, however, a time when ef- 
forts in economy based solely upon first cost fail to minister economy. 
True economy, as far as floors and walls are concerned, does not 
depend upon low price, but rather upon durability and low mainte- 
nance; not upon first cost, but upon ultimate cost. Floors and walls 

should be economical, to be sure, but not necessarily cheap. 


The High Cost of Painting 


Not always is it realized that painting means a loss of money in two ways 
expense, and a loss of income in addition. 


hh ae! 


@EEEKERO 


an 


The expense for painting is considerable. For an average private room it takes 
about two gallons of paint at a cost of three dollars per gallon. To put on two coats, 
it takes a painter with an assistant about two days at an average wage of four dollars 
per day for the painter and two and a half dollars for the assistant. The total expense 
of painting such a room therefore amounts to ninetecn dollars. 


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The laundry —large or small—should be tiled. Tiling prevents disintegration caused by alternate wetting 
and drying, by steam, and the corroding action of washing compounds. 


Page Fifteen 


TMH EAS S'O CICA IE D® -[el-Ee BoM cAGNS Ue PAG. Wen iakes 


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Nurses’ Rest Room 


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vere 


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Nurses’ Dining-Room, Cincinnati, General Hospital.—S. Hannaford & Sons, Architects. 


Page Sixteen 


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Private Operating Room, Dr. W. F. Clevenger, Indianapolis. 
An operating room superbly treated. Both the wall and floor are of matt-glazed Tile in a color that can 
be described best by calling it pink gray. 


Why Lose Five Days’ Profit Each Year? 


Just as considerable is the loss sustained through the enforced idleness of the 
room. Five full days are usually lost in this way—sometimes more—five days of 
profits! At an average price of three dollars per day, fifteen dollars in income are 
thus lost. 


So every time this room is painted it means a permanent loss of fifteen dollars 
and an expense of nineteen dollars, or thirty-four dollars in all. This money is lost 
forever and cannot be made up in any way—if is gone! The worst of such loss is its 
inevitable regularity. It happens every year with every room, because in a hospital 
even the best grade of paint is scrubbed off or eaten away by disinfectants in about 
twelve months, and long before that time it has become shabby and dingy looking. 

The relative magnitude of the profits thus lost—or wasted—every year is realized 
only when these figures are applied to the total floor and wall space. 

So the elimination of the paint-pot alone is worth a whole lot. Tiled rooms are 
available and ready to make profits every day of every year—tiled rooms never have 
to be idle. . 

Then why spend money for painting?. Why lose any part of the possible profits? 
Why not make provisions to run the hospital to full capacity three hundred = and 
sixty-five days a year? 


Page Seventeen 


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SNS F St S ANN KK hg | 1 [ ce. 


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BRS RENNIE NINE ENVIR AUN AUN ANE NE 


Surgical Amphitheater, San Francisco Hospital.—Architects: City Board of Architects. 
Tile was chosen for all amphitheaters in this hospital. 


SSIS SNS NEN INSNSNNIN NNN 


ye 


yyy 


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RRO NS NN RAAB NAAR ROIRNNAARRRIAIBAS 


Operating Theater, New York Orthopedic Hospital— York & Sawyer, Architects. 
Tile walls and floor are of a special green color, dull finish. 


Page Eighteen 


Taide pO) Gel oae Leh La lalate, MAP Ne Us beACoT RE RS 


NNN NNN NNN NNN NR NYS 


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SSINANINGNOR ENON ENR ENON IN ONIN IN IRON IN IRIN IN ANNIE ORR RRR OG 


Operating Corridor, Mt. Zion Hospital, San Francisco.—J. E. Krafft & Sons, Architects. 
Germproof, wearproof and fireproof. 


COMFORT 


Cool in Summer, Warm in Winter 


We have it from doctors and nurses that tiled rooms are comfortable to work 
and live in during the hot summer months, that their refreshing coolness is delight- 
ful, in distinct contrast to the depressing stuffiness of others; and that in winter they 
do not change suddenly with drops in outside temperature. 


Ye 


OOOO 


Attractiveness Os 


As a supplementary require- 
ment, attractiveness—or rather 
cheerfulness—has been — greatly 
emphasized of late. The decided 
advantages of cheerful surround- 
ings have been pointed out, and 
floors and walls in all parts set 
aside for the patients should be 
treated in accordance with certain 
psychological maxims, without, 
however, sacrificing sanitation. 


A tiled hospital means an 
attractive, inviting hospital. 
Whether in white or in colors, 


Tile floors and’ walls are always : NONZNZNENZN INN ANON GN ON ON ON ON ON ON ONENESS: 


pl -aASING IN appearance. Corner in Waiting-Room. 


SO Oe 


ee eS Sa m 


Page Nineteen 


TOE | Ass (5.0 Cry AMEE Dy VI Te eM eASNe Ua eAL Galen haben 


aS 


x 
BNNCNCNNAACNGNGNCN NAN AN NON IN GN NAN AN AN INNS NON ONIN ON ARAN INOS. 


? 


REARKAREA 


KEELER LK 


~ 

ty 

: Sy 

SS = Ms 


SS 


SS SS SSS SIPLNS WLWV AV SS: 


<M 


WAN SLLISNAN NSN NNN NN NNN NINN 


G, 
SANZSZN7, M3 


Operating Room, King’s Daughters’ Hospital, Portsmouth, Va.—B. F. Mitchell, Architect. 
A tiled operating room remains in good condition and good looking. 


White Tiling 
White tiling still reigns supreme and will probably continue to predominate for 
a good many years to come, because white has always suggested cleanliness, and as 
far as we can judge, always will. 
Moreover, the reflecting qualities of white Tile are very much greater than those 
of colored surfaces. It is from this standpoint of reflected light that a decision for or 
against white may be reached. ‘ 


Colored surfaces absorb more or less light according to tint. The following 
table of absorption may prove helpful. 


Absorbs Absorbs 
WWD te eect Ree ee 1S =per cent, Emerald; Greens 82 per cent. 
@hromesy ellow == 25. 38 per cent. Darko Brow teers 87 per cent. 
Orange coe ye Weed eee 50 per cent. Viet 1110 11g ence ane 88 per cent. 
Velo Wee oe pate, ee 60 per cent. Cobalt] Blues aaa 88 per cent. 
Pink Ge) ee eee eee 64 per cent. Deep: Chocolates a 96 per cent. 


The Best Light 


From these figures it becomes apparent that white Tile should give the most light, 
and it does. However, the point has been raised whether it gives the best or most 
suitable light for all purposes. This question, as yet, has not been answered to the 
satisfaction of all concerned and still remains a matter of opinion. 


Page Twenty 


Dede tOeesieA dey Deal lige MGA NOL AO TUR ER S 


Departures 


Some have changed the familiar white operat- 
ing room and used darker colorings with satis- 
factory results. Dark cream has been employed 
and is especially restful when the individual tiles 
are somewhat varied in shade. Grays and greens, 
in dull and satin finishes, are also greatly favored 
where color has been decided upon. 


Operating Rooms in Color 


St. Luke’s Hospital in San Francisco, for in- 
stance, has floors and walls up to six feet in height 
finished in a spinach-green Tile, and above that a 
glazed white; the ceiling is a bright buff. In favor 
of this color scheme, it is said that it resembles the 
optical environment out in nature, in the fields 
among low bushes, and that the eye was originally 
adapted to such optical conditions. Tile of darker 
colors is also recommended for laboratories, and 
especially black where microscopic examinations 
are made. 


Tile Improves Light 


TOA 


S 


ts 


gr, 


%, 


aN 


= 
& 
2 


RRR RRR OOOO VOD 


CER A 


O 


: GOs, 


want of 


RKERARR 


wR 


“e 


Chapel at Wilmington, Del. 
The beauty and dignity of this floor are commended by all who have seen it. 
In addition, it is durable and easy to clean. 


NSNSNSSSNGNAN NSN ONES NON AN ANON ARAN ON ONAN NONONT NANT NANANINANANANANG 


‘ ‘ 


EK K EEL KEELE EEK EEK VMS NG Ss 


~ NZNCNZNZNZRZNONONZNANGNANGNGNINGNINONONGNONIN ONAN ANON GN ONS: 


Page Twenty-one 


TpHiBe Ars Ss O1C TACT EDD lle i BoM eA NS UBC AL Ces iis bakes 


Aside from the question of color and light, the question of cheerfulness, of home- 
like environment, has led to a discussion of colors and decorations, and the monotony 
of scenery in hospitals has been severely criticised as too common a fault. .We re- 
print a superintendent’s letter: 


“So many of our patients complain of the monotony of the walls and ceilings of 
our private rooms; some of them count the specks on the ceiling, others conjure up 
all sorts of grotesque forms in the checks and cracks in the paint. Years ago we re- 
moved all pictures to conform with sanitary requirements. Can’t we do something in 
the way of decoration to overcome the everlasting sameness of the walls and ceil- 
ings?” 


Ps 


SS 


%, 
x 
eS 


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SSS 


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SESSSSSSSSS: 


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SABIAN ARBAB NARI RAVIRBIDIRRIAYAN 


SF. 


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oN 


“The Tile walls in my operating rooms have been satisfactory beyond all my expectations. The color 
is simply a delight, and the sanitary features ideal.’’—Dr. Gillman, Detroit. 


Tile is splendid for decorative purposes. Interesting designs and pictures may 
be wrought in Tile, without in the least being dust-catchers, and its use is suggested 
not only for private rooms, but for any other. 


Tile patterns make full atonement to the eye for the absence of carpets, rugs and 
framed pictures. Even when of uniform tone or size, the play of light, the rhythm of 
Tile surfaces offer relief to the eye. 


Page Twenty-two 


‘Q1,L 814M Sv aqvanp puv uve] 0} fisva ‘fisvjiuvs sv jsnf $1 aj], pasojod 
‘uaash pasn aavy autos ‘y3v1q pajdopv ]Ja440J “Aq ‘sfivsB pvay pasn unto) “4q ‘punom v wioy dn syoo] oym 
40jv4ad0 ay} 404 JYHnos Ss} Jajja4 afigy ‘Joi sv paajyos uaag Jou svy woos bujjvs1ado ay} 404 auiay rs 40109 ay] Jo wajgoid usapout ay J 
*s40]OZD Ul WOOY buljv1adGQ up 


Page Twenty-three 


Children’s Wards 


bistae canons Cer lek ale rsaL) 


Delor e 


MyAUN Use Caleta Rs Beles 


In children’s wards, 
Tile decorations give 
never-ending joy and 
entertainment to the lit- 
tle sufferers. Very inter- 
esting borders can be 
made up showing ani- 
mals, birds, flowers, 
fairies and kewpies, or 
even whole stories may 
be iulustrated in larger 
panels, and they are 
especially serviceable 
because they are not 
easily defaced hy the 
children. 

In maternity wards, 
cheerful surroundings 
will also be appreciated. 
Each room demands in- 
dividual treatment, and 
the effect upon the pa- 
tients should always be 


NSISISENANGN ASSN AN ON GN ONIN ONONINGNG: 
S 4 : 
Ss 


& pec 
pe 2 x 
; ANNAN ASAN ANA CRORERERERORORG. 


Stairway, Durable and Attractive. 


bse ——— S ll 
BG SROST SS SLAVE GG GSS SSS SUCRE SO COCR RS: 


Page Twenty-four 


NOSESANISANGN ANON NIN IR ONAN ONIN ONAN ONO ONIN ONIONS 


VIC OLX VWF. WUD DCI CICLO YT OrVOO LON 
PNANINANANGNANANG. SNNSSLLSLLLL ILS 


oN 


**Tell-a-tale’ Children’s Ward. 
Permanent and sanitary pictures executed in tile. 


kept in mind. It has long been known 
that amber or rose tints are cheerful and 
are taken advantage of in the treatment 
of some forms of melancholia or where 
low spirits retard convalescence. On 
the other hand it is known that certain 
colors have an exciting effect, like blue, 
which should be avoided in institutions 
for the demented. 


The Esthetic Side 


The esthetic phase of modern hos- 
pital construction, the desirability of 
cheerfulness, though still in its infancy, 
is assuming more and more prominence. 
Only a short while ago, Grosvenor Atter- 
bury, in a paper on “Hospitals and 
Esthetics,” prepared for the dedicatory 
services of the Henry Phipps Psychiatric 
Clinic at Johns Hopkins Hospital, urged 
more attractive environment and brought 
its economical advantages to notice. We 
quote the following passages: 


eee oo) enn tet) eel aiaekve Mica N: Uk en Gal Uy RUE RS 


yi 
pts 
. 


. eS es ea Wee) 
NERS SARGRGRGRIRGRORGRGRGRGRGRG. 


RAAB EEERERRERRES 


2 - 


“While a hospital is obviously and essen- 
tially a place to get out of, it should equally 
be a place into which the sick man is eager 
lo go.” 

“T think it safe to say that no one expects 
lo experience a sense of pleasure on entering 
the ward of a hospital. It would be unrea- 
sonable to expect the fundamental fact of 
sickness and suffering to be obliterated by a 
cheerful environment; but that the emphasis 
can and should be put on the hope of recov- 
ery and the joy of life seems axiomatic. And 
the point I wish to make, again, is that in 
seeking to accomplish this end we should 
make use of the physical environment no less 
than any other therapeutic agent. Make the 
hospital ward a tonic itself, adding an esthetic 
section to materia medica.” 


SS 


“After all, taking a man out of his home, 
however poor it may be, is transplanting him, 
and means that he must find himself again 
in the new environment.” 


EEK LEER LEEK REE SEER E REEL EL 


“For in spite of all its modern improve- 
ments, when you send even the intelligent 


SS 


St. Francis’ Chapel, Trenton, N. J. patient to the hospital, you have put him in 


A floor that will retain its beauty and value. 


ihe incipient stages of mental gooseflesh, 


whereas the prime requisite of the hospital, after all is said and done, is that it should 
inspire confidence and hope.” 


“And what is there in the conventional hospital to gratify it?” 


“Perfect asepticism, with no germ in sight, in many cases not even the germ of 


comfort!” 

“So it happens that 
among all the new _ hos- 
pital conditions that have 
combined to make the 
radical advances since 
the days of Bedlam and 
the old ‘Hotel Diew one 
looks usually in vain for 
the esthetic element—a 
consideration of the sense 
of beauty. With rare ex- 
ceptions, the only real 
esthetic touch in our great 
hospitals is an accidental 
one —the trained nurse 
in her cap and gown.” 


AYR 


NINSNGNGNGNGNCNCNCNCASAON CNOA CONOR NON ONENESS. 


x a | * a Loe 2 NS: 
S +e 

S } 

Sei 

< 

. . 
Ny S 
. oy 
SG Ss 
, Rs 
SF SF. 
SS 2 
NF S 
Ne ¥ 
54 Z 

x ie) Es * erent Nene ee ca Se Soy Si 
NINGNANGNINGNINSNGN INGA ONSEN ON SNR ENES 


Glimpse of Artistic Faience Vestibule. 


Page Twenty-five 


TE ASS sO. C TATE: D™ TVIt i Ee sMeARN Uc Pe As Gale Ge hie e 


g A . . CASA SANA RRR RRR ARRAN RL RL RIN RERLRLR 
SOSNSLSRRNANSRAINNN NN NN NN NANA ANNAN 


a mee tons |) ~ in ms eT ED. / 
ee Se a ¥ ai : ini : 
{ | VME teens ’ ake , f tH. i 
ene ee ne eee eS ie i 
| a ; ; 


EES Sr 3 


ie 


< 


SSS 


SASSASAS VILLI SBBOBN AAAS SARNIA 


Minor Operating Room, St. Joseph Hospital, Stockton, Cal.—Thos. Mulcahy, Architect. 
Green floors and wainscot. 


cK KA RRRRRRR RRO RRA RAR LRP YIP? 


y 


ae 


“Is environment powerful only in aspects of nature? Does our sense of sight react 
less powerfully to walls of cheerless plaster than of sunlit foliage? Must the patient 
make the effort to shut out the one while he weleomes the other? And is an invalid 
less sensible to such things than the well man?” 


“Even the simple-minded country bull has an opinion in this matter of color. And 
his opinion is at least entitled to respectful consideration. At any rate, he has always 
receivediit.s 

“Is it presumptuous to suggest that in this business of healing the sick in hospitals, 
the art of architecture be included as a kind of special partner?” 

“Architecturally, this means an interior which shall be cheerful but not exciting; 
varied but without disturbing contrast; a 

“In treating the patient, do not forget the man.” 


At length he points out the economical advantages of stimulating environment. 
“The real efficiency of a hospital is measured by the rapidity with which it discharges 
its patients with relation to the cost involved therein... .” Looked at from a purely 
commercial standpoint, he figures the annual benefits per bed at $23.29 in the case of 
Johns Hopkins Hospital, assuming the average time of occupancy shortened by only 
five per cent. through cheerful surroundings. 


Page Twenty-six 


tle leet Ar spo) GIEAg lie Dr laevis Bee MAUN«U BTA GC-ISU Ria RS 


RAR ARAAARAAAAA AAR 
SS Cee RETR CRS : ) | . E s j = BI ang | . | i ; | i bl |  eeoel | | 
Ss | J I | by e = A i - os 
KA i | | fe east | 4 

NAN ge I 
aN f 

NZ: | 


= “a z ‘ 
ae | OT eet. 


BONN OIN LON LON ONAN ANNALS 


EERE 


OOOO EV 


Major Operating Room, St. Joseph Hospital, Stockton, Cal.— Thos. Mulcahy, Architect. 
Also showing Minor Operating Room in colored Tile. 


This touch of cheerfulness may be added in a thoroughly sanitary and perma- 
nent manner by using Tile. Walls, floors and ceilings may be enriched with warmly 
toned Tile of delicate texture, thus satisfying the innate desire for beauty without in 
the least being unsanitary, or a source of continuous expense. 


Tile patterns and decorations are imbedded in the walls, do not project like pic- 
tures, and are cleaned as easily and thoroughly as any other tiled surface. Further- 
more, Tile decorations are entirely permanent, the colors do not fade, tarnish or 
otherwise become unsightly, and the glazes are not easily disfigured, unlike painted 
decorations, which have to be renewed at frequent intervals. 

It Pays 

Viewed from any standpoint, it pays to use tile; the sooner it is used, the greater 
the gain, and the longer it is used, the greater the appreciation. 

Here is a useful summary of what it will do: Tile provides absolute sanitation 
plus fire protection plus durability plus attractiveness at reasonable cost. Every con- 
sideration of expedience, safety and prudence urges its adoption. 

General Use 

Tile has proved its worth as the perfect material for floors and walls of hospitals. 
The United States Government employs Tile in Army and Navy hospitals; state, county 
and municipal institutions use it; corporations find it profitable in employee’s hospitals 
and first-aid rooms; and innumerable private enterprises have adopted it. 


Page Twenty-seven 


Wee “ASSsS O CalcAT KD To Iiiaiis = MEARNe Us DAS Gale Un arcnias 


eS 


&. 
S 
vz 
CE 


(RR 
wr 


a 


SNONGRGNGNONONGNGNGNGNONGNGNONIN NON ON GONNA RANANONONES 


| | 


z | i 


CARKAR ERE RRRE RR RRR RRA RR RRR RRR RRR 


22 


4 


SSE EEE LEE KEEEEEEEE EK EEE EEE EEE EE 


PQ G 


SBE OOEBBSBBBW RONAN 


Dressing-Room. Tiling assures maximum results where dirt and dust must be conquered. 


SS WS SAARS SSWYSSSSS 
ARRIINNNR NINN NNN IN NNN NINN NNN 


REAR 


CR RARK ARR RRR ARR RR RRR 


CRA RRR 


KeR 


RRR 


SSSSSSSSSSAS SSNS 


SSS 


FEIN NG SS 


yyw 


ROR AR RAO 


oe 


von AP POD I ¢ Sie ee a Z oe er set Bake eee . 

SSS SSNS SLONN NONI LN NNN AINININ LINN NRA 
Laboratory, Southern Pacific General Hospital, San Francisco.-—-Dr. F. K. Ainsworth, Designer. 

Clean, durable, acidproof. 


cA 


Page Twenty-eight 


Teris ee A Ss: OLCrl At ia hel) mele lank MeAcN? U2 AT Cole UL Ree Ros 


meme 


The Standard BNANAANGNaNoS 


Obviously, it is vastly SP 


more than mere fashion 
or random choice, more 
than mere custom or 
habit, that dictates the use 
of Tile; it is intrinsic 
value. Tile has created all 
criterions of excellence. 
Owing to its well-estab- 
lished and amply-demon- 


RERRRRRR RRR RRR RRR» Pry» 


ANZNZAZNINZNANANANGNGAAG ONAN NGS 


i pes 
; 
| 

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strated dependability, it 4) 

is accepted as the stand- 6 

ard of sanitation, the 4 

standard of efficiency and 4 

service, the standard of 3 

economy and durability, NF pet : a 

and also the standard of Sx<% _ wa fe Peo 
attractiveness. AAG NA NAN SLNNLLLLLI LS ROR RINGS 

Other materials some- A Restful plunge for the Tired Nurse in the San Francisco Hospital. 

cL a NaC lal ih car ae sy limes claim equality, and sometimes 
NZSZSZSZNZSINZNZNZN ANZA NON INES INS aS even superiority, but it is always the Tile 
NZ S standard which they claim to equal or 
y : oY surpass, Tile is always the gage of merit. 
¥ : S The Penalty of Leadership 

NZe S Being the standard, Tile is naturally 
RSS NS the envy of imitators. It is imitated, be- 
<3) Ay cause it is the standard, because it is 
SK x’ superior. Yet, imitations always remain 
NS _ imitations and are merely added proof 
: _ of superiority. Besides, it is not the 


SKS 


CCCCCII LOCOCO OOOO COOOL ED. 


RRA 


SKK 


RR 


ORRIN RANDY 


Corridor, Flower Hospital, New York City. 
Delano & Aldrich, Architects. 


ee 


shape or the color that is called Tile, but 
the matchless combination of qualities. 
Tile may be imitated, its shapes copied, 
its colors approached; but its sanitary 
qualities, its durability and economy— 
never. 


So-called Protection 

Mere floor coverings of one euphon- 
ious name or another, for instance, are 
a violation of common-sense sanitation. 
They may conceal cracks and crevices 
for a time, but as a protection from filth 
and bacteria they are a flat failure. 
Whatever protection they afford is most- 
ly a protection for the germs. 


Page Twenty-nine 


Hee A S'S’ O CPAcTSE. D Viel te NAL NG Gel eas Cal Ue Reiahae 


SERVE V REISE IYIV RII 


Sif 
% 
OS 


SONS 


Se 


SON 


SS 


POOOCOOPOLIOOIOSS. 


ON 


OAR RN NRA AAIAY, 


Small Public Ward, Southern Pacific General Hospital.—Dr. F. K. Ainsworth, Designer. 
Ceramic Mosaic floors in unobtrusive patterns, owing to their pleasing diversity, are very suitable for wards. 


2 
Ss 


Moreover, they wear out rapidly, particularly at the edges. There is also a tend- 
ency to bulge at the joints. Hospital superintendents complain that water used in 
mopping soaks into them until they are rotted away, and that the bulged-up edges 
carry the additional danger of nurses catching their heels in them and _ suffering 
serious falls. 


Tile Qualities 


Tile as a floor and wall material has everything in its favor; it is made of clay, 
feldspar and flint, and is therefore inorganic. It contains no fibre or waste products 
that might decay or smell. It is vitrified or glazed, and therefore impervious, smooth 
and durable. It is a silicate of aluminum and therefore acidproof. 


Colors, Finishes and Sizes 


Tile is manufactured in white and many unobtrusive colors and harmonious 
shades, with high gloss, dull and satin finishes. It lends itself admirably to every 
architectural design, be the treatment grand or simple. Any decorative scheme may 
be carried out and by combining the various finishes, striking artistic effects may 
be produced. 


Tile standard sizes vary from one-half to six inches, and the standard shapes in- 
clude squares, oblongs, circles, hexagons and octagons, also halves and quarters 
thereof. 


Page Thirty 


Lettie A So  CalvAt Heal el Lele: MeAeNe Ube A Cer URE RS 


ZNINENGNGNEN ENS 
= ——— 


WANN NNN SNS NANNZNANGN INAS NN ARENAS ES 


Pee eye 


S 
S 


Sar? 


Fe rate se 


NT 
A 
Yori 
NG: 
NG 


SAAN 


nOeen 


YOO y ys 
SIAN NNN NNN RN NNNEN NNN 


Suggestions for Treatment of Partitions in Shower Bath. Serviceable—substantial— attractive. 


The Cheapest Material 


When all things are considered, Tile is the cheapest material to use in a hospital; 
not only does it eliminate all future expenditures, but it is also the most economical in 
maintenance. A prudent appraisal of the value and merit of floor and wall materials 
places considerable weight upon ultimate economy, for it is the cost in the end that 
makes an installation cheap or expensive. 


Tile floors and walls last indefinitely—do not wear out, off or rough—do not dis- 
integrate—require no special care—no waxing—no oiling or other surface treatments 
—no painting—they save money on cleaning—on insurance premiums —on lighting 
expense, etc.—and consequently are without parallel in economy. 


Every dollar paid for Tile is an investment—with everything to gain and nothing 
to lose—because every dollar thus invested remains active and keeps on earning 
money for the investor as long as the hospital is in existence. 


So, while other floors and walls are often nothing more or less than a liability, 
Tile is a tangible asset. The reality of this asset is the more perceptible when con- 
sidered from another viewpoint. In the eyes of the public, a tiled hospital suggests 
the topmost in sanitation and efficiency, thereby exercising a powerful influence toward 
its selection for a patient—it receives recommendation and endorsement through 
former patients, their relatives and the doctors. 


While it is only natural that everybody wants to build as cheaply as possible, 
there remains the undeniable fact that everything is to be gained by the small addi- 
tional expenditure necessary to secure the most up-to-the-minute installation. Ex- 
perience has proved, moreover, time and time again, that materials cheap in first 
cost are expensive in maintenance. It is also well to keep in mind that anything 


Page Thirty-one 


THED SASS S, O ColtA= I ED” TIE NTA IN Ue eAsCalLaUa Rane. 


RRO NNRROR NOIR LLORAS oN 


if 
| oe | . | 


xX 
> 


KA 


MoO 


PYIPYOrSee 


RRR 


yrrvyvyy yyy. S 


(\F YAS 


AKA 


Sy 


Pr 


yyy 


SLCC O LOOT ICCCOLLE COCCI LULEELE 


SSS 


SS 


RRRRA 


CRECERERE RG RE RE RERURERERORE RG 
SS NSNASNNS NNN NNN NNN 


= ay Sos MESES 


Operating Room, Elizabeth Steel Magee Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa.—T. E. Billquist, Architect. 
“ » x» « this question (adaptability of Tile) was taken up very carefully with authorities throughout the country. 
We found it the unanimous opinion that there is nothing made which is equal to Tile for certain parts of the hospital, 
such as operating rooms, toilets, serving rooms, serving kitchens, main kitchen and the corridors also, adjoining these 
places as named. On this basis we adopted Tile in the places indicated in the new Magee Hospital, and we are more 
than delighted with what we have done.’’—C. E. Ziegler, M. D., Medical Director. 


put on with a brush will soon come off under the heels, that anything put on as a 
paste will some day be back in the pasty state, and that imitations may look like 
Tile, but can’t last very long on looks. But the most important point of all is that 
everything but Tile will have to be replaced sooner or later, but surely. And that’s 
why Tile is the cheapest. 


SAVINGS 
No Repairing No Replacing No Patching 
No Painting No Waxing No Oiling 
Less Labor Less Insurance Premiums 
Less Disinfection Less Lighting Expense 
Less Soap 


Cheaper all around 


More Sanitation More Fire Protection 
More Durability More Cheerfulness 


More satisfaction all around 


Page Thirty-two 


eis a o51C) Colma slat L) ie ella bye MAGN UL EOATCeLY LR Ek RS 


NASZSZN2S/S ZAI SZAIATAZAL ADA IAGADAGAGAGNGAINGNGNENGNONGNCNGN SNCS 


oy 
a ND 


Veveeee 


wR 


yyy 


RRRRRRRRRA 


5} 


SAINI Ne ae a ee 
SINSLNNSSNNS NSS SSAA RRS NNS REIS 


Main Kitchen of the Post Graduate Hospital, New York City.—McKim, Mead & White, Architects. 
The ease with which grease and other sticky matter may be removed from Tile, dictates its use 
for efficiency’s sake. With Tile surfaces, cleaners do better work and more of it. 


Tile is not Expensive 


6 Caeacace® HERE is much misapprehension regarding the cost of Tile—it is not 
expensive. The Associated Tile Manufacturers now put it on the 
market at so reasonable a price that any hospital, no matter how 
=I scantily endowed, can afford to use it; in fact, so reasonably that no 
= 42 hospital can afford to do without it. 
Saad 


| SSS The extra money realized on five extra days of availability of all 
OCKEAEKEAY : y ay ; faa 


rooms, together with what Tile will save on cleaning expense—on 
insurance premiums—on repairs and renewals—every day of every month of every 
year, will go far toward paying for the installation. The Price of Tile is low when 
compared to the service rendered. 


For obvious reasons, in this booklet, quotations for installations cannot well be 
given; labor conditions, method of treatment, location and various other items con- 
spire to make statements of costs impossible. The Associated Tile Manufacturers 
are, however, always ready to confer with any one on the question of price, or 
refer to reliable Tile contractors, who maintain a standard of good workmanship and 
are able to estimate intelligently. 


Quality Guaranteed 
Every member of this Association will upon request issue a certificate of quality 
to protect you against substitution of quality. These manufacturers are desirous that 
the Tile made by them shall give perfect satisfaction and be applied in the proper 


Page Thirty-three 


ISH EOPA SSS O'C eA TE De Ta MAN UR PeACCEIe Ua Pies 


Ke 


RENSSLNN ANANSI 


C4 
S 
AS 
Ss 
SS 
SS 
Se 
Ss 
SS 
AG 
SS 
OF i 
NF | 
Oy | 
OF | 
NG | 
QZ 
YE 
04 
Ye 
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OYE 
SS 
S 
Ss 
. 
SS 
Ss 
ws 
. 
SS 


No 


6 


yyw» 


SSNSNSSNSLSSNOLNSSLONNS NNN 
Operating Rooms, Mercy Hospital, Chicago.— Charles H. Prindiville, Architect. 
The present-day tendency is strongly toward all-over Tile lining for operating rooms in realization of 
its economical advantages and increased healthfulness. This picture shows one 
of the recent installations. 


Ss 


> 
R 


manner toward that end. It is advised that you take advantage of this offer, because 
in the process of Tile manufacture, various grades are of necessity made and sub- 
stitution might be practised. For the hospital, first-quality tile should be specified. 


WHY TILE? 


Tile is most sanitary because it is inorganic, decayproof, non-porous, non-absorbent, 
impervious, dampproof, sterile and germproof. 


Tile is most efficient becausc it is simplicity itself, smooth and easily cleaned; which 
means that it can be quickly and thoroughly cleaned in the least time and con- 
sequently at the least cost. 


Tile is most economical because it is durable beyond all ordinary limits; it is wear- 
proof, tearproof, heelproof, peelproof, marproof, scarproof, acidproof and fire- 
proof. 

Tile is most desirable because it is odorless, cool in summer, warm in winter; cheer- 


ful, attractive, pleasing, stimulating; its decorations and colors are there for all 
time—they never fade. Its artistic possibilities are unlimited. 


Tile is absolutely necessary because it assures perfect sanitation, positive protection, 
high efficiency, dependable cleanliness and permanence at reasonable expense. 


Page Thirty-four 


—————— 


Teneo tO, CrleA A, Hel) eel Ip lhaM “ARN UaF3AICG TURE RS 


EFFICIENCY SHAPES 


Cove Bases 


The principle underlying the cove base (Fig. 5) 
is to make impossible the accumulation of dirt at the 
intersection of floors and walls. 

Ordinary base-boards have ridges, beads and 
grooves and are dust-catchers aside from other disad- 
vantages. Wooden coves, for instance, according to 
hospital architect Richard E. Schmidt of Chicago, are 
not suitable, because the moisture in the plaster swells 
the wood; later both wood and plaster shrink and leave 
a crack, which it is almost impossible to fill. More- 
over, wooden coves cannot be made of sufficient height 
to protect a plastered wall from the effects of scrubbing 
water. 

The advantages of tile bases which join the floor 
in a quarter circle are so obvious that nothing need be 
said to advocate their use. In Fig. 5 A represents the 


basic form of cove. This shape is manufactured with 


varying radii. The corresponding treatment of corners, 
convex and concave, is shown in Fig. 1, page 6. 

B shows a typical base, which is set Aush with the 
wall, and represents the one most commonly used in 
hospitals. This may also be had of different radius. 
The standard height of these bases is six inches, but 
they are also made in three and four inch heights. 

C and D represent projecting bases. We have 
shown them here, because there are various places in 
the hospital where it is desirable for artistic or practi- 
cal reasons to employ them. C is the simplest one- 


D shows a novel 

| base treatment, which 

Fig. 6—Ceiling Coves consists of a base (B) 

and a cap (Fig. 7B) especially designed for hospital 

use. It combines in a measure the advantages of the 
flush bases with those of the projecting ones. 


All these shapes, technically speaking, belong to 
the wall tile class. But the cove may also be brought 
up from the floor. E illustrates one of these floor tile 
bases. 

For efficiency’s sake, a cove radius of about one 
inch is suggested for hospital use, experience having 
proved this a very satisfactory one. 

Proper corner and angle pieces are manufactured 
for use with any of these cove bases. 


piece projecting base. There are, however, any num- 
ber of more elaborate ones on the market. 


Fig. 7—Copings 


Page Thirty-five 


TgH ESTAS S O Cyl ACT E-D™ eli wo M SAGN Ue heAs Grr. We ha behes 


Ceiling Coves ASIANA EOE RS 
Quite attune to the treatment of bases, and almost : hes hy 

identical, is that of the intersection of walls and ceil- 

ings by means of so-called radius tile or ceiling coves. 

Similar reasons to those advanced in favor of bases 

govern such treatment. While it is possible, and is 

frequently done, to utilize base shapes for this pur- 

pose, it is, however, better to employ regular ceiling 

coves which have a radius of four to six inches. Such 

treatment permits easy and rapid cleaning from below. 


In the illustration (Fig. 6) A shows the treatment 
of a concave corner by means of radius tile. Note the 
ample curvature. B, again, is somewhat more com- 
plex in design, having a low ridge at both top and bot- : cee 
tom. The latter is usually employed for rooms of more | S ~y 
artistic pretentions, like reception rooms, and also in BESS BBBAY 
vestibules, halls, corridors, ete. 


RRR ARR 


\ oh 
* 


Fig. S—A Door Treatment 


Coping 


Caps have fallen into disfavor in hospitals, prob- 
ably because for years only the old-fashioned caps, 
moulded somewhat on the order of wooden ones, were 
on the market. The Associated Tile Manufacturers 


Co a A have, however, produced a special sanitary hospital 


cap, against which the charge of being a dust-catcher 
cannot justly be made. Fig. 7 B plainly demonstrates 
this. Note the steeply-slanting curve. The tiling above 
and below uninterruptedly joins this curve. C shows 
the same cap with plastering above. A shows what is 
known as combination bead, a treatment which is some- 
times used for a coping. 


Door Treatment 


OVALE AAV OY, In the treatment of doors, as in any other, all un- 
Fig. 9—A Window Treatment necessary elaboration 

should be eliminated. 
The simplest method of treating doors is to do without 
all trim, and continue the wall surfaces uninterruptedly 
around and through the door opening. This may be 
done by means of so-called combination tile or with 
radius tile. Fig. 8 shows the former. In this treat- 
ment, the base is continued through the door and the 
door jamb cut away. The corners of the door itself 
are rounded to fit the coves. This treatment is recom- 
mended by most designers. Figs. 2 and 3, page 14, 
show the radius tile treatment applied to a sliding door. 
In both of these treatments plinths are entirely elimi- 
nated. 


On page 14 (Fig. 4) is shown a door treatment in 
Ceramic Mosaic. 


Fig. 1O—A Window Treatment 


Page Thinty-six 


de Tipe ro OWCnP AG eb Dele ely bee MeAGN Le heA Orel LER RIS 


| 


SOASRLASAOSASASANR Where trim is looked 
for, a plain tile trim is sug- 
gested. While the curva- 
ture is not as great as that 
of the radius tile, such 
treatment is also quite 
sanitary, and the effect, 
from an architectural 
standpoint, is thought to 
be more pleasing. 


Window Treatment 

Windows are treated 
somewhat similarly to 
doors, either with radius 
tile and combination an- 
gles, or with flat projecting 
trim. Figs. 9 and 10 show 
two of the most desirable 
treatments. One (Fig. 10) shows the application of radius tile flush with the wall, 
and a special window recess cove for the rear sill angles. 


ee 


KERRERRRRRRARRARRRRE RRR PRR RRAIG 


QR CRRRARRARA RRR RARER 


NO NSNGNGNGRGRGNGNGN 


Fig. 11—Beams and Columns Fig. 12— Dumb-Waiter 


In the other (Fig. 9) a pleasing treatment has been obtained by adding the sant- 

tary cap described above. Doors may be similarly treated. 
Suggestions | 

Beams and columns cannot always be avoided in kitchens, laundries, engine 
rooms, cte. If left bare, they are of very unsightly appearance. Fig. 11 gives an 
idea of how attractively they may be treated and how sanitarily and durably. 

Dumb waiters and laundry chutes are now installed in all modern hospitals. Fig. 
12 is a suggestion for making them sanitary, fireproof, everlasting and easily cleaned. 
Elevator shafts should be similarly treated. 

Fig. 13 shows the treatment around a ventilator. Where a ventilator comes at the 
line of wainscot and plaster, it is usually very unsightly. Here is one that is made 
to look well. Note coping flush with tiling and plaster. 

Fig. 14 shows curb de- 
tail for the entrance of a 
shower bath. Attention is 
called to the effect pos- 
sible by just varying the 
size of tile on the inside 
wall. 

For anything that is apt 
to look unattractive, let 
us suggest a treatment in 
Tile. 

We are always glad to 
submit sketches without 
obligation on your part. 
Write to the Associated 
Tile Manufacturers, Bea- 
Fig. 13— Ventilator ver Falls, Pa. Fig. 14—Curb Detail 


Page Thirty-seven 


TH Be AwssS'O GO lATeR De Ee MARNE US aga Ce Le Weta elie 


PRASPRASANONENANON ONAN NANA ONARARONENG PRANSSONANANONANG 
SORRY SRS ISI? SRQYSS WY 2 M% 
x2 


SS 

y 
¥ 
8 
Ss 

WA 
NK 
i 
x2 
“Ss 

84 
nS 


ESEEE EEE RK PT OVBSNWOHB HBV HS HVT VOWS 


vee 


PRANIN NNN TNANGNANANZSANGNGN ANS NAN AN PNANS SINAN GSAS NANG ARIN AS ENONS 


, 


eee 


, 


Ls 


Autopsy Room, Southern Pacific General Hospital, San Francisco, Cal. 
Dr. F. K. Ainsworth, Designer 
A tiled autopsy room can be cleansed quickly and thoroughly by simple flushing with water from a hose. 


BONN RNS LAN LENNON SRN LEN LAS 


SASSSSSN SSSA SSS SS 


y 


POPPY OPV PUY OYOVOPOOOOOOOOOE 


ee 
KR 
Y 
DP 
ZS 

XY 
wR 
a. 
A 
on 
y 
°G, 


ROLES ALE | ee. esd oe 
NZNENGNG LASSI NAY 


Tiling of engine rooms is dictated by considerations of economy. Tile is oilproof, it saves money on 
cleaning expense, and eliminates painting and repairing. 


AS 


. 


KK 


Page Thirty-eight 


KS 


. 


VNR SRLSLL LLANE 


EERE RRR 


ELLER K EK REE RELA EERE REEL REAR ARERR 


LE eo) Cua HD Be M ANUP AGT UR ERS 


V7 


& 


es 


ZRANGNINANININGNONGNONN ONAN GRAN N ANON IN ONIN ON ONAN ON ANRANONORESSNG. 


& 


PePPP>>>»> OOROROOORRORERE 


Sterilizing Room, St. Elizabeth Hospital, Covington, Ky.—S. Hannaford & Sons, Architects. 


y 


Ke 


S 
xR 


SRER RE RRR RAR ERREARA POUOOOVOON yee? 


| neely eoR Mace PEER 
| | ! | 
Lt af 2 


eS ee ae i oe 


BOSS SAN NNN SS 
os Bee aie 


‘ | i se : 
. Sie eke: See ee armen oon pie ° 


RAN RNIN NNN NNN NARA 


xe» 


This Picture shows a sanitary bakery. The advantages of Tile in all rooms used for the preparation 
of things to eat are indisputable. 


Page Thirty-nine 


THE (ASS O;Cels4cr BE Deel Tei = ies Ne UR es Cele Uae ienhes 


Write Freely and Frankly 


The modern hospital involves a great diversity of problems and needs. Consid- 
ering the many departments it accommodates, the great number of details entering 
into discussion is not surprising, nor can it be expected that every one be familiar 
with the best way to meet the specialized needs. 


The Associated Tile Manufacturers gladly put their experience and knowledge 
along such lines at the disposal of those committees who desire them. They are 
especially glad to submit sketches and otherwise help to solve Tile problems of 
scantily endowed institutions. They can advise as to what has been done in the past, 
and since they are continually in correspondence with hospital specialists who know 
success and failure, they can give other information that it is not practical to publish 


here. 


This booklet is a standing invitation to call, write or in any way consult them, 
an invitation of which they will be glad to have you avail yourself at any time. 


THE ASSOCIATED TILE MANUFACTURERS 
BEAVER FALLS, PA. 


Page Forty 


SWIMMING POOLS 


ee vce cancer 


rods 
a Rv, 


This copy is No. ie 
and is presented with our compliments to 


Additional copies may be obtained at fifty cents 
per copy 


Wels 
ASSOCIATED TILE MANUFACTURERS 


Alhambra Tile Co. Matawan Tile Co. 

American Encaustic Tiling Co. Mosaic Tile Co. 

Atlantic Tile Manufacturing Co. National Tile Co. 

Beaver Falls Art Tile Co. Old Bridge E. B. & Tile Co. 

Brooklyn Vitrified Tile Works Perth Amboy Tile Works 

Brunt Tile & Porcelain Co. C. Pardee Works 

Cambridge Tile Manufacturing Co. Wheeling Tile Co. 

Grueby Faience & Tile Co. U.S. Encaustic Tile Works 
OFFICE 


BEAVER FALLS, PA. 


Copyright, 1917, by The Associated Tile Manufacturers 


Page Two 


SWIMMING POOLs 


sIHIS book has a two-fold purpose. In 
ut} the first place it is intended to fill the 
S| long-felt want of a handbook on swim- 


ming pools and their construction, for the infor- 
mation of prospective builders, and as an addition 
to the reference library. 


All available data has been utilized in its 
compilation, and we sincerely believe that it rep- 
resents a digest of up-to-date methods and the 
best practise. 


On the other hand, it shall serve to point out 
the numerous advantages of Tile. Countless in- 
stances have demonstrated the exceptional fitness 
and merits of Tile for the lining of pools of all 
sorts, and in urging its general adoption we do 
so with absolute faith in its superiority for this 
purpose. 


The facts and suggestions in this book are 
presented as an incentive toward better pools 
and more of them. 


THE ASSOCIATED TILE MANUFACTURERS 
BEAV EREPALRESe@RAS 


Page Three 


Ae eOmCe la At lela) 


ae We Ihe 8) 


WOVMICS OJP INDUSIRIES IL 


Page 

Tile: 
Sanitary. allicr saan 6 
LastingsQualities 3... 5) 
Artistic. Vlerit eee 10 


Guarantee of Quality... .12 


Genera! Information on Pools: 


[ocation = “fh... ee ae 1 
Shapes sree shots eee ip 
LEengthia tee tae 14 
IWidthieeted papers se koa 15 
Depthven, ee ae 15 
Drainace eee 16 
Types of Construction: 
Reenforced Concrete... .17 
Steclklianks: ae ae i, 
Waterproofing: 
Membrane sess eee 18 
Integral ae eee 19 


Page 
Selection ofsliiles a=aeanE 20 
Color; ochemes ==. 21 
Overflow Troughs: 
Purposes = 42. =e taf 
Profiles: 3a 23 
Dimensionsee tra. eee 24 
Steps and) ladders samme 25 
Curb tke eee Dp) 
Diving board sete 26 
Lines and Markings, (4. 26 
Gangwa yee ee 28 
Wallstands Gelling asa emen 29 
Shower: baths 1) 
@Outdocr#.00|Saaaaee eee 30 
Gardens Fools == === sara 3] 
Wadingsools see 31 


Page Four 


MeA NEUSE AsGal Ui RaEshee | 


Edw. L. Tilton, Architect 


Page Five 


LL A NR GY A — a — a 
a 


ey AWE PRIME AYE OE IN| (6; PR ORO ela > 


" oe a moe 6 Soe 
6 


a 


eee a 


International Y. M. C. A. College and Training School, Springfield, Mass. Pool, floor and walls executed in white Ceramic Mosaic Tile 


The curb is nine inches high. 


ILE has earned recognition as the most suitable, serviceable and 
practical material for swimming pools by the satisfaction it has 
given in every instance. Its hygienic and economical advantages 
are many. Ever since the first pool was lined with it, Tile has 
been considered a feature of excellence. Hundreds of pools in connection 
with colleges, Y. M. C. A.’s, municipal and private natatoriums, and in 
numerous private residences have been lined with Tile with perfect success 
and lasting satisfaction. They daily render unassailable proof and evidence 
of its practical worth and artistic merit. 


Among the advantages of Tile are cleanliness, durability, attractiveness, 
comparative lightness, ease of application, and reasonable cost. The use- 
fulness of Tile is, moreover, not restricted to the pool itself, but Tile is 
equally advantageous and serviceable for floors and walls of the hall in which 
the pool is located, for showers, dressing rooms and toilets, in rain and tub 
baths, and other supplementary equipment of the modern natatorium. 


with designs in sage green and slate. The bottom of the 
pool gradually slopes from four feet to eight feet depth, 
the deepest point being fourteen feet from the end wall. 


tigel ey” JAS Sy (OP ©, JE aN IPs) 


Pratt Natatorium, Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. 


IEC Ib 1s M PAV NS UE PAT Cel SO Perea 


anitary Value 


The use of Tile for swimming pools is 

strictly in keeping with modern hygiene, 
which has made its chief advances through the 
recognition of cleanliness as the essence of true 
sanitation. Tile is indispensable in swimming 
pool construction for the attainment of absolute 
cleanliness, and fulfills all demands of hygiene. 


The smoothness of Tile in unusual measure 
facilitates the ease and rapidity with which a 
pool may be cleaned, and in equal degree its non- 
porousness guarantees thoroughness of cleaning. 


The dense, non-absorbent nature of Tile prevents 


incidental impurities from penetrating the sur- 
face beyond the possibility of ready and complete 
removal. _ 


That the highest degree of cleanliness may be maintained in a Tile pool with little 
effort and by ordinary management is illustrated by the fact that the pool of the Pratt 
Natatorium at Amherst College, Amherst, Mass., was not emptied for over three years, 
and yet bacteriological examinations showed the water perfectly safe. 


Swimming Pool, Residence of C. H. Wills, Detroit, Mich. 
Albert Kahn, Architect 


An ideally located private pool of light green glazed Tile 
with black swimming lines along the bottom. At the spring- 
board end a tastefully appointed lounging room is provided. 


Page Six 


SWIMMING i X@) Oy Jb 


Ida Noyes Hall, University of Chicago, Chicago, Til. Utility and beauty are here combined in winsome manner. The pool 
Seng Cassel Ans and gangway floor are of white unglazed Ceramic Mosaic with bands 
epley, Kutan oolidge, Architects of dark green. The walls are of warm ochre color in a semi-matt 


glaze. Tiers of seats are provided for spectators at the shallow end. 


HE hygienic aspect of swimming pool construction is obviously of the greatest im- 
portance. The swimming pool is a place for healthful exercise, and must be kept 
in a healthful condition at all times. The large amount of impurities carried into 
the pool makes it necessary for the de- 
signer to be fully alive to the dangers of — ug z 
absorbent pool linings. : 


An essential difference exists between abso- 
lute and apparent cleanliness. The mere fact 
that dirt does not show cannot always mean 
that dirt is not present. Only thorough cleans- 
ing can remove all the dangers of bacterial 
growth, and in Tile we have a material that 
permits a complete cleaning process. Rounded 
corners and coves are provided for simplicity of 
construction, and Tile scum gutters for the 
automatic removal of floating impurities. Sim- 
plicity of cleaning is not only desirable, but ab- 
solutely necessary, because very few pools are 
so fortunately situated that the water may be 
changed daily. 

A potent factor that lends additional desirability to 
the lighter shades of Tile, from a sanitary point of view, 
is their light-reflecting property. The germicidal effect 
of reflected light must not be underestimated, in view of 
the fact that many pools are so located that they do not 


receive direct sunlight, or, at best, only a comparatively : 
small amount. Experiments have revealed that bacteria Ida Noyes Hall, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. 


sin bac tA 


and spores are quickly killed by direct sunlight, and that Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge, Architects 

the result from reflected light is similar, although some- Detail of Tile steps and partition. The dark green Ceramic Mosaic 
is carried over the entire floor space under the seats, thus facili- 

what slower. tating cleanliness in a place offering innumerable obstructions. 


Page Seven 


db dehys) yey SY Ry TO (Eo ih ay TE is 1 


MANNE Suge 


Chicago Athletic Club, Chicago, Ill. 
Henry Ives Cobb, Architect 


tit 


Hotel Chamberlain, Old Point Comfort, Va. 


PE dL 9e, Js, 


An excellent example of Tile durability. The attractiveness 
of the pool, its healthfulness and ease of cleaning have not 
been impaired by twenty-five years of uninterrupted use. 
Bottom and sides of white glazed Tile. 


LRA REST ARNE SP EAB TEN Ie 


This pool marks an epoch in the development of modern 
swimming pool construction. Ceramic Mosaic, now so 
popular, was used here for the first time. It was a success 
from the start and has given genuine satisfaction ever since. 


Page Eight 


SWIM MING 2 (0) TO) Ub. 


asting Qualities 


Another point in favor of Tile is its 
extreme durability. Absolute  re- 
lance may be placed upon its lasting 
qualities. It is a noteworthy fact that Tile 
is immune to detrimental chemical or me- 
chanical actions of the pool water, or 
other leaching and dissolving influences. 
Continuous contact with water has no de- 
teriorating effect upon Tile. This applies in 
equal measure to all kinds and colors, to 
Ceramic Mosaic as well as to Tile and 
Faience of larger units made by the Asso- 
ciated Tile Manufacturers. 


Permanence of a swimming pool installation 
ranges in importance next to healthfulness, and is I On nO ea WN 
as much a matter of it i oe, on : 
TEN: Pee ae tae AE 18 of safety Detail of Tile Work for the Pool Shown Below 

Two of the essential requirements of durability are : re rare 

. 3 A 4 ‘ Bottom and walls are lined with six-inch white Tile. The surrounding floor 
hardness, which prevents abrasion, and inorganic consists of three-inch octagons and one-inch square dots. The overflow 
chemical composition. Tile heads the list as the ee aesee ny aca usuaL decor tiy a (ulster, 
hardest and most durable of building materials, and 
being produced solely from clay, feldspar and flint, is, of course, entirely inorganic and cannot decay. 


There are any number of Tile pools which could be cited as evidence of the wearing properties of Tile. 
Here are two typical examples: The pool of the Chicago Athletic Club was executed over twenty-five 
years ago, and today the Tile work is in perfect condition and has given complete satisfaction through all 
these years. This pool was built with white glazed Tile in 6 x 3 units. The splendid pool of the Hotel 
Chamberlain, at Old Point Comfort, Va., built in 1908, is in excellent condition. Here for the first time 
Ceramic Mosaic, which has since attained great popularity, was used for a swimming pool. 


Residence W. E. Boeing, Seattle, Wash. 
Bebb & Gould, Architects 


Swimming pools in connection with private residences are rapidly increasing in number. 
Here is one of medium size conspicuous for its elegant simplicity. The plunge is twenty 
feet wide, thirty-eight feet long, and has a water depth of seven feet. In addition to the 
pool the suite comprises ladies’ and gentlemen’s showers, dressing rooms and toilets. 


Page Nine 


DP Nee Aah Sat Sy Sp TO) <6, IC IE 1D) Ahilb db; Le: M ASN UREVAC GS ie Op Rabe ReS 


rtistic Merit | 


The tonic effect which 

should result from a 
plunge depends in a large meas- 
ure upon attractive surround- 
ings. Just as cleanliness is half 
of attractiveness, so should a 
due share be allotted to attrac- 
tiveness for bringing about an 
invigorating effect. | 


Tiling is an historic method | 
of embellishment that has been 
used ever since the birth of 
architecture in the valleys of 


the Nile and the Tigris and 
Euphrates. 


ie (e Brady Estate, Gladstone, N. Ue A charming installation—rich in design, . . : 
WalrerKiddciEnemecr a texture and colorings. The Tile There are various artistic 

, ower boxes are a feature of interest. f x ; 

reasons why Tilemakesanideal 

material for appropriate and beautiful decoration. It affords the designer abundant 

opportunity for the expression of any artistic value, for variety of color, texture and 


esign. 


Refreshing coolness lies in the purity of whiteTile, and exquisite charm in the polychrome 
effect of Tile designs in colors, of which a choice resembling that of the painter’s palette is 
available. Flat tones and simple patterns in soft, unpretentious colorings, with an occa- 
sional Tile of iridescent lustre as the focus of the surrounding area, or the most intricate 
and elaborate all-over designs in rich colorings of singular beauty, may be executed in Tile 
with true interpretation of the architect's perception. eS 


: 

A great variety of texture, all eminently decorative, can be obtained by multiplication | 
of units, by different finishes—bright glazed, satin, dull and unglazed—and by units of 
different size and shape. Owing to the almost unlimited range of sizes, shapes and colors, __ 
the architectural scale can always be preserved and any decorative scheme executed in | 
harmony with the surroundings. | 


Minneapolis Athletic Club, Minneapolis, Minn. The Tile work of this beautiful natatorium consists of 
BertrandessGhambexlainm Archi white Ceramic Mosaic with black lines along the bottom 
i Saat re ae ee aa of the pool. The gangway floor is of gray Ceramic Mosaic 
laid herringbone pattern. A scum gutter is provided at one 
end of the pool only. 


Page Ten 


Sy AoE IMEI TE INE KG i A@) 10) de 


Tropical House, Residence Capt. ]. R. D 


eLamar, Glen Cove, L. J. An attractive circular pool of white Ceramic Mosaic Tile 
: : with border design in golden yellow and azure, amidst rare 
C. P. H. Gilbert, Architect tropical plants and gracefully streaming vines. A star in sev- 


eral shades of blue radiates from the tea house in the center. 


Page Eleven 


et a ene 


Attest 1s) JN ASS OF AG, A JAN AE eID) 4h th se, ds: MieAteN Ut HaAy Gel® ia Rete kan 


Stevens Institute of Tech- 
nology, Hoboken, N. J. 
Ludlow & Peabody, Architects 


A well-planned 
pool of standard 
length—sixty 
feet. By actual 
tests it was de- 
termined that 
theaverage man 
indiving reaches 
the greatest 
depth at a point 
eight feet from 
the end of the 
spring-board, 
and the pool is 
designed with 
the deepest 
water at this 
point. 


MARKED advantage of Tile decorations is their durability, and, in this connection, 
the permanence of the colors deserves mentioning. All Tile colors are inorganic 
and cannot fade from the chemical effect of light or any other influence. No ordi- 

nary photograph can do justice to the beauty of Tile pools. Designs and patterns may 
be evolved with Ceramic Mosaic in all-over effects that rival the daintiness of color 
in Oriental rugs, and unusually effective decorative treatments that are in accord with the 
requirements of natatorilums with glazed and enameled Tile. Refined combinations can 
also readily be found among the characteristic 
colors of Faience. There is unquestioned beauty 
and serviceability in all of them; they make the 
pool attractive, more captivating and inviting, 
and thereby increase the lure, the delight and the 
fun in swimming. 


Guarantee of Quality 


Every member of the Associated Tile Manu- 
facturers will, upon request, issue a certificate 
of quality as a protection against substitutions. 
The Associated Tile Manufacturers are desirous 
that the Tile made by them shall give complete 
satisfaction in every instance. 


It is therefore advised that: architects take 
advantage of this offer, and incorporate into their 
specifications a clause requiring of the contractor 
to furnish a manufacturer's certificate of quality 
for all Tile used, as a guarantee that it is strictly 
in accordance with the specifications. 


Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, N. J. Detail of These certificates are issued at time of ship- 
Tile Work t f por ah iB ‘al tif : tom 
The adaptability of Ceramic Mosaic Tile to any structural form men rom [lac ory, wil SUC 1dentl ying infor 


1 lendidly illustrated i hi i 5 IN he Til k : 
ajound anchors forthe laddes. ahem aan mae meal mation as may be necessary. 


Page Twelve 


Sew levy MelIN.G PaO OT Tass 


ocation of Pool ie ss || 


The location of the pool must of ne- 
cessity be guided by incidental condi- 
tions. Wherever possible, a well-lighted and 
well-ventilated separate hall is very desirable. 


Where this is not practicable, the first floor 
of the building is next in the order of desira- 
bility. It may be of interest to state that of 
forty-seven pools investigated by Prof. Hast- 
ings several years ago, more than 66 per cent 
were located in the basement of buildings, 


2: 
& 


Men’s Swimming Pool, Central Y. M. C. A., Brooklyn, N. Y. 


seven were located on the first floor, and only —_ Trowbridge & Ackerman, Architects 


Detail of Ceramic Mosaic coping, floor and recessed ladder 


two enjoyed separate buildings. 


In the larger cities, there is apparent a tendency to place the pool on one of the upper 
stories of high buildings. A notable example is the splendid tank of the Union League at 
Chicago, which is located on the twelfth floor of the Club’s magnificent home. 


Shape 


The most desirable shape for an indoor swimming pool is rectangular, in order to provide 
as long a swimming area as possible. Out of 250 pools investigated by A. M. Crane, 236 
(or 94.4 per cent) were of this shape, although of varying proportions. More freedom is 
left to the designer of outdoor pools, and indeed almost any conceivable shape can be found 
among them. It is, however, not advisable to adopt odd shapes on account of the increased 
difficulties of construction and consequently greater cost. 


Men’s Swimming Pool, Central Y. M. C. A., Brooklyn, N. Yy. A singularly attractive installation. Dark Tile lines along the 


3 , ‘bottom divide the pool Jongitudinally into swimming lanes. 
Trowbridge & Ackerman, Architects 


Page Thirteen 


1b ili yey Sy Se (OP (CO JE ANUP fe 10) SiMIE DBAS MPATING OF Es AsG ele PRe bara 


Tiled Wolf 


Specia/ Gutter at one end to 
raise Water Leve/ one Foor < 


) S } 1S 


ic 
Scale of feet 


Floor Drain ot east 3i2 feet wide Floor Drain 


Turning Eline 


Dee 
Sountaln 


DERTH G FEET *~ * 2 el goer a er re rae Oe ; 


ae Ly r 
U Legge, LYoor Drain Pore Ladder 


—) 


Plan and Elevation of a Typical Swimming Pool The pool is planned as a standard for swimming and diving 
s events. It is, therefore, sixty feet long and twenty feet wide, 


has a modern spoon-shaped bottom, is divided into four 
swimming lanes of equal width with turning lines at both 
ends and has the jack-knife limit and distances marked on 
the sides. The relative position of the diving board has also 
been indicated in diagrammatical form. 


imensions 


The length and width must, of course, be governed by the amount of space available. 
But in nearly every case it is possible to make them in such proportions that they 
conform to certain empirical rules. 


Length 


While proportions for private pools are of secondary importance, pools designed for 
educational institutions, for Y. M. C. A.’s, etc., should always have the length a multiple 
of fifteen feet for convenience in measuring distances for competitive work. 


Rule II, Sec. 1, of the Intercollegiate Swimming Rules provides that ‘‘Pools for cham- 
pionship meets shall be at least 60 feet in length, 20 feet in width;”’ and further: ‘Records 
made in pools of less than 60 feet in length shall not be considered as official.’’ This rule 
immediately eliminates pools of smaller size. 


An analysis of the seventy pools listed in the Intercollegiate Swimming Guide gives 
a mean value for length of 66.64 feet, a maximum length of 100 feet and a minimum of 
30 feet. Twenty-nine of the pools (or 41.1 per cent) are 60 feet in length; seventeen (or 
24.3 per cent) are 75 feet, and four (or 5.5 per cent) are 100 feet in length. Prof. Hast- 
ings reports almost identical proportions in the forty-five pools investigated by him. His 
mean value is 60.1 feet, the maximum 100 feet and the minimum 26 feet. The most fre- 
quent value is 60 feet, of which he reports sixteen out of forty-five (or 35.5 per cent). 


Page Fourteen 


DoW le Mev el eNeG PROROT ESS 


Width 

The typical widths group around 
multiples of 5 feet. Of the seventy 
pools referred to above, 24.3 per cent 
are 20 feet wide, 22.9 per cent are 25 
feet, and 21.4 per cent are 30 feet in 
width. The mean value is 26 feet, the 
maximum 60 feet, and the minimum 
17 feet. Again taking Prof. Hastings’ 
figures for comparison, we have a mean 
value for width of 20.7 feet, a maxi- 
mum of 60 feet and a minimum of 12 
feet. He also finds 20 feet the most 
frequent value. 


; Wiis 


Vk) Uy itis 


Typical pools according to these 
figures are therefore: 


20 x 60 feet 20 x 75 feet 
25 x 60 feet 25 x 75 feet 
30 x 60 feet 30 x 75 feet Detail of Scum Gutter pe rie A Spain ae 


: ; 5 z Racine College, Racine, Wis. 
with the 20x60-foot pool predominating. This — Guilbert & Funston, Architects 


size has been adopted as the standard for 

Y. M. C. A. pools. It is unfortunate that less than half of the pools cited above (or 47 
per cent) are of typical dimensions and that the other half cannot be used for competitive 
games, because they are of odd dimensions, the difference often being only one foot. 


Depth 


As a guide for depth, reference is again made to Rule II, Sec. 1, of the Intercolle- 
giate Swimming Rules: ‘Pools for championship meets shall ..... have a water 


7 a 


se ea 


‘ ; 4 This picture shows to advantage the shape of the bottom. 
Racine College, Racine, Wis. The pool is lined with white and green Ceramic Mosaic. 


Guilbert & Funston, Architects 


‘Page Fifteen 


gsr ss esteem 


1H VEiE Gs M2Ay NS USEPA CAISU A Re Baha 


DOSE ear soe Oe Cm arg lala 


eet Pool, Residence rae W. ae Baltimore, Md. 
Walter H. Gieske, Architect 


t 


A recent installation in white glazed Tile. In the construc- 
tion of this pool ‘a four-inch course of common brick was 
employed to protect the waterproofing membrane from 
punctures. Of interest also is the novel design of the over- 
flow trough. 


depth of at least seven feet in the deep end and not less than three feet in the shallow 
end.” Rule XI, Sec. 4, provides that ‘““The minimum depth of water in all college diving 


competitions shall be ewan fest.” 


In practise, this minimum depth will, however, be found inadequate, for none but ex- 


perienced divers can safely perform the feat in seven feét of water. Statistics show the 
majority of pools to have a depth of over seven and one-half feet, with a maximum of ten 
feet. Eight and eight and one-half feet is the least depth where diving contests are to 
be held. This will also facilitate the playing of water polo and similar games which require 
a playing area over six feet deep for at least sixty feet of the length of the pool, according 


to the rules of the game. 


The so-called spoon-shaped bottom is now recognized the most serviceable for all pur- 
poses (A). Its merits are easily discernible. It gives the greatest depth about twelve 
or fifteen feet from the end wall, where depth is most needed, and the pool can be drained 


completely in a very short time. 


An older form of bottom is shown in (B). Here the pool has a uniform depth for one- 
third the length at either end, with a sloping center portion. Where separate sections for 
swimmers and non-swimmers or for adults and children are desired, this contour is usually 


Sy" 


: © 


Diagram showing various contours of bottom for a pool 20 by 60 
feet, uniform capacity 6900 cubic feet, for comparison of merits. 


adopted. 


A gradual slope from one’end of the pool to the other 


(C) is the simplest form of bottom for pools of 
varying depth, and where the slope is at least three 
feet for the length of an average pool, the water may 
be drained out rapidly. 


A pool of uniform depth (D) consumes much 


time in emptying and renders it useless for too great ° 


a length of time. 


Aside from the slope to attain depth, there should be 
a slight slope toward the drain or drains. The direction 
of this slope is, of course, entirely dependent on the 
location of the latter. In some pools a single drain 
is located in the center, in others near one of the sides. 
Larger pools are generally provided with two outlets 
at varying points. The diagram on page I|7 merely 
shows the different methods without reference to their 
merits and demerits. 


Page Sixteen 


. nas 
a ee , 
7 ee av Tet 
pra aco Eee 


Lt 


rs 
oe 


SWIM MING BeOm © mia 


onstruction 


The location of the pool and ground-water conditions influence 
the type of construction. Reenforced concrete and steel tanks 
lined with concrete are the principal methods used. Typical cross sec- 
tions are shown below. 


The thickness and reenforcement of retaining walls and bottom are 
based upon the hydraulic stresses, and therefore must be calculated by 
the architect or engineer for each case. The corners should receive es- 
pecially heavy horizontal reenforcement in the shape of heavy iron 
bars. Back tie walls are often necessary to give strength. 


For sites where trouble from ground-water is likely, and for pools 
to be located on upper floors of high buildings, steel pans are considered 
necessary. In the first case, care should be taken when making the ex- 
cavation that it conforms to the contour of the bottom of the steel 


Diagram showing usual 


tank, in order to insure support for the floor of the pool at all points, methods “of placing drain 


openings. 


The pan and its framework must be strong enough to resist the ground- 
water pressure while the tank is empty. After the pool is filled, the pressure is equalized. 


Quite a few problems confront the engineer when the pool is installed on an upper floor. 
Increased strength is required in the framework of the building. The swaying of the build- 
ing due to wind pressure, vibration due to transportation lines, and expansion and con- 
traction, must be taken into consideration. 


A Modern Pool 


The method employed for the tank = 
of the Union League Club is repre- el 
sentative of careful modern construc- 
tion. Located on the twelfth floor, 
the pool was sustained by five col- 
umns and cantilevers brought up 
through the building from caissons. 
A steel tank was used and lined with 
a four-inch layer of concrete, which 
was applied with a cement gun to 
give density. Then a lining of four- 
pound lead was placed over the trued- 
up surface and carefully soldered. 
Over this lead lining a four-ply water- Wine 
proofing membrane of fabric in as- Cement | 
phaltum was laid. A three-inch layer [ELE peo torrreorny 
of concrete reenforced with woven ld 
wire was then placed over the water- 
proofing and the Tile work applied to 
this course. 


Woterprogiing 
Membrane 


Warerprooted 
Cement 


Floating Coat— 
& 


Woven Wire 


Concrete 


Leve/ing Coat 


Floating Coat 


Common Brick 


A four-inch course of common brick 
is sometimes provided on the sides to 
protect the waterproofing from punc- 


i ; i Typical Cross Section of Wall built 
ene ee tures, both where a steel tank forms nee, Steel Tank, showing structural 
ming Pool, showing structural and the outer shell and where concrete re- and waterproofing factors in diagram- 
waterproofing factors in diagrammat- mT matical form. 
ical form. taining walls have been used. 


Page Seventeen 


Merit BN RS SG) (© ibe ah Ws. 1D 4g 3h AL te MPA NSUPEPACGs I Wa RebaRes 


; H : An installation of interest in many ways. The twelfth story, on which the pool is located, was 
Union Eras Club, Chicago, Hl added to the existing building. Five columns were brought up through the building from caissons. 
Holabird & Roche, Architects A steel pan forms the outer shell of the pool and is lined with courses of cement, lead, a water- 
proofing membrane and finally with black and white Ceramic Mosaic. The floor around the pool 
is of brownish gray Tile laid herringbone pattern, with a base of white glazed Tile. 


The concrete over the waterproofing of the bottom should have a continuous binder of 
expanded metal or its equivalent, coated with asphalt, lapped three inches and thoroughly 
wired together. The concrete mixtures employed are usually one part pure Portland 
cement, two parts clean sharp grit sand and four parts gravel, hard trap-rock or granite. 


aterproofing 


Painstaking care must be devoted to the waterproofing of the pool, for no factor 

of the construction is of greater importance. The tank must be protected against 
both inward and outward percolation. No attempt to set Tile should be made before the pool 
has been thoroughly tested for watertightness. If this test is left until after the Tile work 
is installed, leaks are very difficult to locate, and in most cases the Tile work will have to 
be removed in order to stop them. The contractor should use every possible precaution 
to make the waterproofing perfect. Especial care should be taken in making the work 
tight where pipe connections enter the pool. 


Ordinary cement and concrete work do not make a tight pool. There should always be 
a special waterproofing course, and it is advisable to employ an integral waterproofing 
method in addition. 


A very satisfactory membrane consists of applying felt in alternate Jayers of hot pitch, 
tar or asphalt. As many as six layers of felt are being used, each layer solidly cemented 
together and covered with coal-tar pitch. About 320 pounds of tar are used for every hun- 
dred square feet. The entire concrete surface must be coated with asphaltic cement before 
laying any of the felt. Alternate layers of burlap and asphalt to a thickness of at least one 


Page Eighteen 


Saw Geis Mile INe.G DROS OATES 


inch have also proved an efh- 
client membrane. 


In the integral method cer- 
tain compounds are added to 
the gauging water or mixed with 
the cement. This work should 
be done very carefully and thor- 
oughly, since the success of the 
integral method largely depends 
on an intimate mixture of the 
ingredients. Cements may now 
be obtained in which the com- 
pound has already been incor- 
porated by the manufacturers 
and in most instances this is to 
be preferred. 


To assure a satisfactory bond for 
subsequent coats, the concrete surface 
must be rough, clean and wet. It is Ceramic Mosaic Overflow Trough in Course of Construction 
advisable, therefore, to thoroughly 
roughen it by means of a mason’s chipping hammer. The entire surface should then be thoroughly washed 
with a wire brush and water under pressure. Dust and all traces of white precipitate—which indicates 
carbonization—should be carefully removed, because they preclude a perfect mechanical bond. 


The scratch-coat should consist of one part waterproofed cement and two parts clean sand. Wherever 
possible, the floating-coat should be applied before the scratch-coat reaches its final setting. If this is not 
practicable, the scratch-coat should be cleaned and then thoroughly soaked with water before putting on 
the floating-coat. 


The grouting should be done with light gray or white waterproofed cement and forced into the joints, 
because the principal point to be observed in connection with waterproofing work is to fill all the voids. 


Py eed ae Ee ee m8 AP ee oe 


i i A very good type of swimming hall. Pool, floor and walls are of Ceramic 
Yes G, A., Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. Mosaic. The gallery is installed for the accommodation of spectators. 
‘Cleveland & Godfrey, Architects 


Page Nineteen 


ible le ey Sy SS (Oy 1G Jy eA Ys 1D) Te leiae MeA UNSURE CAC Gee eRe reas 


Residence of John F. Dodge, Meadowbrook Farms, Rochester, Mich. An excellent private pool. The walls are in six-inch white 


; : ; semi-matt Tile and the pool in six-by-three-inch sea green. 
Smith, Hinchman & Grylls, Architects The floor consists of two-inch hexagonal white Tile. 


election of Tile 


All vitreous and glazed Tile made by the Associated Tile Manufacturers may be 
used in swimming pool work with perfectly satisfactory results. 


The vitreous unglazed varieties are particularly suited for the bottom of the pool and 
the surrounding floor of the gangways. Glazed Tile finds its principal use on the sides of 
the pool and the walls of the halls and shower rooms. 


Both the glazed and unglazed varieties 
of Ceramic Mosaic are adapted and ex- 
tensively employed for all portions of the 
natatorium. 


The choice of one variety over another 
rests entirely with personal preference. 
There is no difference in sanitary or last- 
ing quality. Some designers favor small 
units with a soft, satin-like finish, while 
others, equally capable, prefer large pieces 
of high lustre. Experience has demon- 
strated that it 1s impossible to establish 
hard and fast rules in this respect. The 
fact of the matter is that a difference exists 
merely in appearance, not in merit. Tile 
dealers will submit samples of different 
sizes, colors and finishes for inspection. 


The Associated Tile Manufacturers 
shall be glad to assist in every possible 
way in making appropriate selections 
or furnish the names of nearby dealers 
Y. M. C. A. College, Chicago, Ill. ree cram the decorative who are qualified to do swimming pool 


Emery Stanford Hall, Architect ahs. 
g step along the 
deep end wall is of interest. wor 


Page Twenty 


SWIM MING PROeOF Te S 


olor Schemes 


The artistic sense of the designer, personal 

taste and fancy, must of necessity largely 
guide in the selection of colors. The varying trans- 
lucency of the water requires some consideration. 


The predominating color in many cases is white, 
which is of great value where the pool is located in a 
hall deficient in daylight. At Seattle, Washington, 
a city ordinance provides that ‘“‘the sides and bottom 
of all pools and tanks shall be white, so that objects 
may be clearly seen, so far as possible, in all portions 
of the pool or tank.” However, where the water is 
more or less turbid, some kind of colored Tile is more 
desirable, because turbidity will be less noticeable in 
a pool finished in color than in a white pool. 


a Ee 


23 
tee 
2. 


The natural greenish or bluish cast of large bodies 
of water may be enhanced by Tile of similar color 
arranged in decorative borders and panels or as the 
ground color for the entire pool; a depth of color is 
thereby produced that resembles that of lakes and ae 
clear streams, and looks particularly inviting. In Y. MC. A... Bronx | 
harmony with such treatment, a gangway floor in soft "0 Lone 

5 ouis E. Jallade, Architect 
golden buff may be chosen. Beautiful effects have bye ED o8 a SN 
also been obtained with ethereal hues of turquoise blue — Ceramic. Mosaic in. all-over effects that 

: . rival the daintiness of color in Oriental rugs. 
and borders of azure. Each natatorium is, of course, aes 
a problem of itself, and these are merely a few suggestions. The possibilities with Tiles 
in color are practically limitless. Other suggestions may be derived from the notes 
under the illustrations. 


Distance numerals, swimming lines and similar markings are in themselves decorative, 


Y. M. C. A., Bronx Branch, New York Entire walls in rich brown Tiles of various shades one-half 


: by one inch, with inserts of green, orange and white em- 
Louis E. Jallade, Architect bossedbinle: 


Page Twenty-one 


Shek ds,” yeu) sy (CO) (CIN AE 48) 1B) Ueieiee MEA@ Ne USESAY Cals WU GRaEeRES 


A very common design of Ceramic Mosaic scum This profile in every detail is in conformity with Large drain openings necessitate a recess as 
gutter with a slightly protruding hand-rail of all requirements. The gutter is small and neat. shown. Oblong strainers fit the general form of 
Tile. The curb is of proper height to serve asa take-off. the gutter and are to be preferred. 


or can be made the basis of design and color schemes. A colored border along the water 
line is both beautiful and serviceable. Where stairs are built into the pool, it is advisable 
to have the treads in some distinctive color easily visible below the water. 


verflow Troughs 


An essential sanitary feature of the modern swimming pool is the Tile scum 
gutter. It serves four principal purposes: 


Through the activities of the bathers, it automatically removes from the water surface 
the bulk of floating substances or scum formed by the accumulation of dead cuticle, exuda- 
tions of the sweat glands, hair, lint from bathing suits, dust, etc., and flushes them into 
the waste pipes, provided the water level is always kept within a few inches of the rail. 


It acts as an overflow, regulates the depth of water and keeps it uniform. No standing 
waste pipe should be used for this purpose, because the scum 
which collects around the opening of such an overflow is not 
removed in the same manner. | 


In addition, the gutter serves the important function of a 
cuspidor that is constantly flushed by the lapping and splashing 
of the water, and to a great extent prevents expectoration in or 
about the pool. 


Finally, the front or “dam” portion forms a support or 
‘life rail’ that in many respects is far superior to the crude 
and obsolete rope and the obstructing metal rail. 


<—— /0 ——>+f* 


At least two sides of the pool should be provided with these 


overflow troughs. In view of their important sanitary functions, . 

® they have been installed on all four sides in the majority of 

modern pools. The occasional practise of providing two gutters 

NS een Tee Roren at different elevations—the lower for ordinary use, the upper 
(ey va een for high diving, etc.—has from all indications not met with favor. | 
aacennaaeel 


Page Twenty-two 


SP AME IE IM IGE AL IN| XE, PROSOM ES 


The principles governing the profile : ; ee ee oe © | 
and construction of the gutter are G | ; i od 
simple enough. The capacity, i.e., the Pees ae eee | @ | aM 
depth and width, must be such that all Gi | z wore Lebel. eet tis el of. aA 
the water splashed into the trough can |” i | | art 
drain away rapidly and under no cir- Depth oF Gutter varies 346" | ms ! S/ope' 1%" in 10Feet 
cumstances flow back into the pool, as eS a | 
would be the case where the gutter is 1 Ee © Ee eee a 
too small. see u : 


Diagram of various methods of gutter drainage and their effect 
on depth of gutter and plumbing. 


The life rail portion must be of 
comfortable width to the grasp and absolutely level. Great care should be exercised 
in respect to the latter point, for the slightest error in elevation will become noticeable 
as soon as the pool is filled. Besides, it is evident that only a perfectly level dam can 
give satisfactory service. 


Drains connecting with a common sewer should be provided at certain intervals and the 
bottom of the gutter pitched slightly toward these outlets. A comparison of the various 
possible arrangements of drains, and the resultant effect upon plumbing and depth of gutter, 
are given in the diagram above, which is self-explanatory. (A) immediately stands out as 
the most practical and economical method, and provides a gutter of almost uniform 
depth, with high points between drains twenty feet apart. 


A great diversity of practise exists in the matter of profile of overflow troughs, and no 
standard design can be referred to. The various types treated in different ways are shown 
in the sketches on pages 22 and 23, from which their merits or demerits for any purpose 
may readily be studied. 


The designer of college and Y. M. C. A. pools may be interested to know that men in 
charge of aquatics at these institutions maintain that the gutter should under no circum- 
stances protrude, but be recessed and flush with the sides of the pool, so that bathers 
slipping off the edge are not liable to injury. This contention is in keeping with the modern 
tendency to avoid all obstructions in the pool. 


Open scum gutter of six-by-six-inch Wall Tile Design for Wall Tile gutter and curb. The A combination of Ceramic Mosaic and Wall 
and trimmers, suitable for private and outdoor water level is eighteen inches below the top of Tile. No curb being provided, the gangway 
pools. the curb, the proper take-off distance. floor should slope away from the pool. 


Page Twenty-three 


ee AE CN RS 


Vi AS INSU FE PASCE = WU AREESKES 


letieat Jar. psy ey (0) (6, W/W ie 1B) flivleioer 


ae SAAT aha —— : woke 
Y. M. C. A., West Philadelphia Branch, Philadelphia, Pa. An exceedingly attractive standard pool, twenty by sixty 
, feet, with spoon-shaped bottom. The depth of water is 
Horace Trumbauer, Architect three and one-half feet in the shallow end and nine feet at 


the deepest point. 


The height of the life rail above the bottom of the gutter has been observed to vary 
between three and six inches. The usual width or thickness at the top ranges between one 
and one-half and two and one-half inches; a greater width reduces the effectiveness of the 
gutter and does not afford a comfortable hold to the bather. To give added rigidity, the 
life rail should be reenforced with iron rods and woven wire. 


The inside width of the gutter ranges all the way from three to eighteen inches, according 
to type. The bottom should be of sufficient width to accommodate the strainers of the 
outlets. In some cases, the drain openings are located in special recesses of the gutter, as 
shown on page 22. A long narrow form of outlet is most desirable—it fits the general form 
of gutter and looks neater. The gutter may be built either of Ceramic Mosaic or so-called 
Wall Tile Trimmers. As may be seen 
in the sketches, Ceramic Mosaic yields 
any desired profile. The designer who 
chooses it is therefore at liberty to give 
any conceivable contour to the dam and 
gutter. 


The possibilities of using Wall Tile Trim- 
mers are great, though not limitless. Better 
than words the sketches will serve to point 
out different ways of assembling various 
shapes. 


Attention is called to the possibility of 
constructing certain portions of the pool 
of Ceramic Mosaic and the remainder of 
Wall Tile, as shown in one of the sketches. 


The dimensions indicated in the illus- 
For convenience in measuring distances small crosses are provided along trations were chosen from actual installa- 


the top edge at intervals of one foot. The numerals are large to make them 
easily visible through the water. The cove of large radius facilitates ease 


Sieclcanie tions of recognized merit. 


Page Twenty-four 


SWIM MING (0) £0) koe: 


teps and Ladders 


Ingress and egress may be provided by ladders or stairs built 

into the pool. If the ladders are of metal and fastened to the 
sides, they should be removable. A better method is to build the 
ladders of Tile into the sides of the pool in similar manner as the 
scum gutter. Each rung or round should be reenforced by a piece 
of iron pipe or bar, rigidly set into the concrete foundation. The 
Ceramic Mosaic or Tile is either placed around this reenforcement 
in the shape of an actual round or carried over additional reenforce- 
ment of woven wire in cement to the back end of the recess in the 
form of a slightly concave step. In the latter case an opening must 
be left through each step to assure complete drainage when the pool 
is emptied. The tread portion of the rounds or steps is preferably 
built of unglazed Tile, to assure a firm hold for the feet. Where the 
scum gutter rail forms one of the rungs of the ladder, a point of 
simplicity in construction is gained. 


Since these Tile ladders do not project, they are especially advo- 
cated for pools where competitive games are to be held. Swimming 
teachers recommend two ladders at the deep and one at the shallow 


Detail of Built-in Tile Ladder, end, always placed at the sides of the pool, never into the end walls. 
Y. M. C. A., Beloit, Wis. 


Ru I 


Shattuck & Hussey, Architects Stairs are still used to a great extent in private pools. Overhang- 
Tile ladders are especially advan- ing treads should never be built, and the edges formed by tread 
ageous in all pools for competi- A ; : : 
tive events. They donot protrude, © and riser should be rounded off with a Tile bead or curved Ceramic 
are substantialand are not affected 
by constant contact with water. Mosaic. 

urb 


A coping around the pool serves a two-fold purpose. First of all, it limits the possi- 

bility of water splashed on the gangway 
floor from flowing back into the pool; in the sec- 
ond place it serves as a take-off’ in competitive 
swimming. If the pool is to be used for competi- 
tive work, the dimensions of this curb may be 
derived from the following considerations: 


Rule [X, Sec. 1, of Intercollegiate Swimming 
Rules provides that “‘the maximum height for 
the take-off shall be 18 inches above the water 
level.”’ Since a lower take-off would be a handi- 
cap in performing the plunge for distance, for 
instance, the maximum height should be adopted 
wherever possible. Such a height will also effec- 
tively prevent splashing the gangway floor. 


The width of the curb is determined by the length of 
the human foot. In order to provide a comfortable foot 
rest, a width of about twelve inches is therefore necessary, 
and sixteen inches is said to be better. 


The height of the nosing above the gangway must be 
determined by attendant conditions. But to effectively 
prevent soiled water from running into the pool it should 
be at least two or three inches in height. The usual height 
is six inches. As part of the curb, a substantial and beauti- > lp a ® 
ful spring-board rest is sometimes installed (page 26). Its = Y. M.C. A., Greenwich, Conn. Detail of Tile coping. 
purpose and construction do not require explanation. M. L G oT ted Ee 


rail and recessed ladder. 


Page Twenty-five 


a - —- en a 


(eh SE eee Ae oom ON Ge le al Bal) Te igi MPARNG US EEA’ Gals Ut RebeRES 


cs 


Holyoke High School, Holyoke, Mass. The Tile work in this splendid natatorium suggests cleanli- 


ness in every way. Borders of delicate glazed blue upon the 
field of unglazed Ceramic Mosaic, with wall panels of white 
glazed Wall Tile of larger units, together with floor and 
curb of brownish color, produce an effect that is decidedly 


(ving Boa rd pleasing. 


Detailed instructions for the proper construction of the diving board may be found 
in the Intercollegiate Swimming Guide. Its dimensions and relative position are 
provided for in Rule XI, Sec. 3, of the Rules: ““The official diving board shall have a length 
of not less than twelve feet nor more than thirteen feet, shall be at least twenty inches wide, 
and shall project not less than two feet beyond the edge of the pool. The height of the 
board from the surface of the water shall be not less than two feet six inches nor more 
than four feet. The fulcrum shall be placed at least one-third the length of the board from 
the free end.” 


Lines and Markings 


Distance and depth numerals, swimming and safety lines, are permanently and attrac- 
tively marked by means of Tile of distinctive color. Along the face of the coping on either 
side of the poo] may be inserted figures for each five-foot interval. The intermediate foot 
spaces are usually indicated by a short colored line. Ceramic Mosaic is particularly well 
suited for this purpose. All distance markings should begin at the deep end wall, and 
accuracy in this work is imperative. In further compliance with the Intercollegiate 

eee Swimming Rules, certain lines should be incor- 
porated into the Tile work. Swimming lanes 
should be established 
lengthwise along the 
bottom of the pool. A 
dark colored Tile, at 
least three inches wide, 
or its equivalent in Cer- 
amic Mosaic, is recom- 
mended to mark such 
lines distinctly. 


Wm. B. Reid, Architect 


Holyoke High School, Holyoke, Mass. 
Tile Spring- board Rest. 


Page Twenty-six 


Sewer vie IV a Lae: G PROZOL Te > 


The number of lanes depends of course on the width of the pool. Each 
lane should be five feet wide, so that four lanes are established in pools 
twenty feet in width, five in pools twenty-five feet wide, six in those of 
thirty feet in width, and so on. 


A limit of safety for non-swimmers may be indicated prominently by a 
similar line running across the bottom of the pool and up the sides. 
In some pools this is, however, taken care of by signs worked out in Tile 
on top of the coping. Five feet from each end of the pool the ‘“Turning 
lines’ must be inserted along the bottom and up the sides in similar manner. 


The © Jack-knife Limit” should be marked by a distinctly colored line 
inserted into the face of the coping and running a short way below the 
surface of the water, six feet from the end of the diving board on each side 
of the pool. These lines are necessary to assist the judges in determining 
fouls, and are required in the rules. 


For pools where Water Polo is to be played, an area of sixty to seventy- 
five feet in length, twenty to forty feet in width, and at least six feet in 
depth should be laid out. This area may be shortened in pools having a nam oy 
shallow end, so that a six-foot depth is assured in the playing area. The _ Detail of distance nu- 
following playing and goal lines are then laid out from the ends of this area: ues ae 


Center Line: equidistant from the ends Free Throw Lines: 15 feet from the ends 
Goal Lines: 4 feet from the ends Twenty-foot Lines: 20 feet from the ends 


For the playing of Water Basket Ball, any pool free from obstruction and not exceeding 
2,500 square feet in area may be fitted by inserting a three-inch Tile center line across 
the bottom or on the sides at equal distances from the ends, and a fifteen-foot line in the 
same way fifteen feet from each end. 


General experience has proved that such provisions for diving, speed swimming and the 
playing of games add to the enjoyment of the pool and increase patronage. 


Sl 


As 


| 4 i 
GOAL LINE ' 
—— 


yieayh 


20’ 


I ' 
' \ 
L FREE THROW LINE | y FREE THROW LINE 
= 


I 
! 
20-FOOT LINE 4 


CENTER LINE CENTER LINE 
1 


(OF PLAYING AREA) 


FREE THROW LINE 


TUBRNING§ LINE 


f , 
\ | 
GOAL AREA 
eA 2d S 


Official swimming lines, Official playing lines for Official playing lines for Composite of official mark- 
turning lines and jack- water polo. water basket ball. ings for a standard pool. 
knife limit. 


Page Twenty-seven 


TIES Ee Aw Se omOm Cw eel LD 4 ARAL, 13 MPAGNSUSEFATG eI Uke bakes 


angway 

Surrounding the pool on all sides should be a gangway, 

or passage, three to four and one-half feet in width along 
the sides and at least six feet at the ends. It is an excellent plan 
from a hygienic point of view to provide two gangways, an outer 
and an inner one. The inner one should be reserved for the ex- 
clusive use of the bathers and accessible only going to and from 
the dressing rooms. The outer passage is for the accommodation 
of non-bathing visitors and to reach the dressing rooms. In this 
way the soiling of the inner gangway by dirty shoes, one of the 
main sources of contamination of the pool water, is prevented. 


The floor of the gangway should always be tiled, and should 
drain away from the pool unless a curb surrounds the pool, in 
which case it may slope toward a shallow gutter running along 
the inside of the curb. 


Chute, Seattle Natatorium. 


A low Tile partition, six inches thick and from thirty to thirty-six inches high, may 
separate the inner and outer passages. Reenforced concrete, four inches thick, or common 
brick, forms the foundation upon which the Tile work is set. 


Aside from Ceramic Mosaic, so-called Partition Tile is available for this purpose. By 
judicious use of the different patterns, these partitions can be made to add greatly to 


! 
| 
a es aS : 2 at 
Swimming Pool, Young Women’s Hebrew Very pissing nae decorative effects 
Ble: 5 é may be achieved by combinations 
Association, New York City of Wall Tile and Ceramic Mosaic. 
L. A. Abramson, Architect 


Page Twenty-eight 


the attractiveness of the hall. 


| 


ey 


SOW Le ViGeV SNe G 19) (0) 10) AE. as) 


alls and Ceiling 


The swimming hall 

is incomplete without 
provision for the sanitary con- 
dition of the walls. It is ab- 
solutely necessary to protect 
them against disintegration. 


Condensation of moisture on the 
walls is unavoidable in the presence 
of a large body of tepid water. If 
this moisture is condensed on walls 
of absorbent, porous material, they 
will rapidly discolor and deteriotrate, 
paint will peel off and in a general 
waybecomeunsightlyandunsanitary, 
To thoroughly clean such a wall is 
next to impossible, for dust and mois- 
ture are naturally retained in the 
cracks and crevices formed in the 
process of dilapidation. 


Seattle Natatorium, Seattle, Wash. There are two swimming pools in this natatorium. 
; ‘ ‘ The one shown here is sixty by one hundred feet. y: 
B. Marcus Pretica, Architect Adjoining is the ladies’ pool, eighteen by thirty and Dr. W. Paul Gerhard, an author 
one-half feet in size. Both are lined with Ceramic ity on pools and bath houses, states 
Mosaic Tile. Electric lights are countersunk into : ny : Th ll f th 
the bottom for under-water illumination. In this connection: e walls of the 


swimming hall should likewise be finished in tiles, and the ceil- 

ing should also be tiled. Painted brick walls and plastered ceil- ms 
ings are abominations not to be tolerated, because the always ERE i i ai : A | 
present vapors attack these surfaces quickly.” pes NG UE PN RAT GD) TT 


The economical aspect of such treatment is easy of com- 
prehension. Cleansing is simplified, re-painting and re-plaster- 
ing and other current repair work are eliminated, thus saving 
money and assuring maximum availability of the pool. 


hower Baths 


An adequate number of shower baths, where 

each bather is required to go preparatory to. 
entering the swimming pool, is a necessary sanitary 
precaution in every well-planned swimming estab- 
lishment. 


The number of showers depends upon the prob- 
able number of patrons; the type and arrangement, 
in relation to dressing rooms and pool, upon the 
available space and the sex and age of the bathers. 


Individual showers may be built with each dress- 
ing room; or the dressing rooms may be planned in 
groups of two, three or more, and a shower installed 
for each group. 

In men’s colleges and schools, a common dressing and 
locker room is sometimes provided, with a row of showers 
in an adjoining room. Public baths usually have rows of 
dressing rooms along the sides and showers at the ends. 

Tile is admirably adapted to the requirements of shower 
baths. Its hygienic as well as economical advantages are 
many. By far, it is the cleanest, most attractive and withal — suogestions for a Shower Bath Unit 
most satisfactory material for this purpose. Tile is admirably adapted to the requirements of shower baths. 


Page Twent y-nine 


ee 


$6 dele’ IN SS sy (O) GIL AN AE 13, 1B) ab AG kote, MPA INSUSE ATG? Rebs | 


Tile’ possesses 
all qualities to 
make it excep- 
tionally desir- 
able for outdoor } 
pools. Wherever 
it is used it ren- 
ders the pool 
more durable, 
more attractive 
and more sani- 
tary. 


utdoor Pools 


Since the advent of the modern indoor swimming pool, the open-air pool has been 

crowded into the background to some extent. This is probably due to the fact 
that its usefulness in most localities is limited to approximately four of the summer 
months. 


The construction of outdoor pools is essentially the same as that of indoor pools; the 
type or method is largely influenced by the nature of the soil, climate and natural drainage 
conditions. 


The greatest care must be devoted 
to the waterproofing. 


What has been said about the supe- 
riority of Tile for indoor pools ap- 
plies in equal measure to the outdoor 
pool. Unglazed Tile and Ceramic 
Mosaic are best suited to all climatic 
conditions. 


Overflow trough, rounded coves and 
corners of Tile should be provided. 


Tiled walks surrounding the pool 
are an excellent feature, harmonize 
with the green and brown of the 
landscape, and add charm to the 
pool. | | a 


Page Thirty 


i 
: 


enV Ler Vien Vien leet an G PROMOS Tae S 


arden Pools 36% 


A mostdelight- & 

ful and conve- 
nient addition to the 
private garden, espe- 
cially in the country or 
suburbs, is a _ garden 
swimming pool of Tile, 
where opportunity for 
an early morning plunge 
is. afforded under the 
seclusion of hedges, per- 
golas and arbors, and 
stately old trees. 


A modest basin, 12x20 
feet or even smaller, 
among theshrubbery and 
rushes, with Tiled sides 
and bottom, an open . 26 : 
overflow trough tocollect Tiled Garden Swimming Pool rdealtilece ee aieerect ola aaa 
leaves and seeds that fall 
upon the water, and a Tile pavement around it, can be built at comparatively little cost. 


ading Pools 


Tile is also recommended for wading pools, where little feet of tiny tots may 
joyously splash in the water. Wading pools are suited to the smallest grounds, 
and may be built at little expense. 


Any shape may be adopted and no elaborate plumbing is necessary. An ordinary 
galvanized pipe placed in the ground rae em cr eee 
below the frost line and connected with cH oe “E HH 
the house system will answer very well.“ 
to supply the water. Hace 


~ FECES as 
The tiled bottom of the pool should | He » | olerdiow 
GacnemaaEeees ‘ fees 
slope gently from the edge to a depth of JERE S L. 
not over twelve inches. In many cases © *-¢1}> a - 
nine inches will be sufficient. Square EERE © ver | 
pools may havea tiled approach onone 44 ah Patpeeus \ |-- 
EERE nglexed Tile Floor 
end and acurb which servesasaseaton 2 | :! 
the other three sides. In a circular pool, *: 4 Jessse 8 ee 
. - . . | ST oe 
a small island may be artistically built ZEEE S 
of Tile in the center. A walk paved with ~|- > ! 
A Glisie pat 1} _t Tile Curb and Seat 
Tile may surround the pool. : ae a] [Ls 
4 Eel | Tiled Walk 
Such a wading pool can easily be - iG 2E RI 
cleaned by means of a garden hose, and Sep ig ees = Cb yoy 
will last forever. Se Niet pipe 


Suggestion for a Wading Pool 


Drain Pipe 


Page Thirty-one 


HE information on the foregoing pages 


must of necessity be of a more or less 


general nature in order to be applicable 
to the varying conditions under which swimming 


pools are installed. 


We are, however, prepared to make definite 
and practical recommendations and suggestions, 
and work out specific problems concerning in 
any way the sanitary, artistic, economical and 
durable lining of any swimming pool to be in- 
stalled under given conditions. 


Architects and prospective builders of swim- 
ming pools are therefore requested to avail 
themselves of our earnest desire to furnish any 
data pertaining to our product and its application. 


Strict and careful attention will be paid to all 


inquiries. 


| 
THE ASSOCIATED TILE MANUFACTURERS 
BEAVER FALLS, PA. 


Page Thirty-two 


VITROLITE 


EVERLASTING SLAB MATERIAL 


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APPEIEDSTO 
‘ LIBRARIES - CLUBS - CHURCHES Wr 
s-))| OFFICE BUILDINGS - PUBLIC BUILDINGS we 
Way VIMICAN G WWE A JRIUNLIDINIES an 
PRIVATE OFFICES 


Vitrolite slabs in varying sizes are ‘set’ over any wall 

surfacing by means of a patented elastic cement that 

clings to the wall. This cement adjusts itself to settling, 
shrinkage or expansion, and absorbs shocks. 


ITROLITE is a material fire-fused from those minerals 

that form nature’s hardest rock. It is manufactured in 
pure white, jet black, and colors, in slabs ranging in size up- 
wards to 40x84, and in thickness from %, to 1 inch. These 
slabs are used for wall finishing and industrial material, and 
for tops of tables and other fixtures. 


Vitrolite appeals to every one because of its obvious 
cleanliness. Its pertectly smooth surface 1s impossible to stain 
even with inorganic acids. There 1s nothing about it to hold 
odors or breed bacteria. It is easy to clean and keep clean; in 
fact, the stroke of a damp cloth is all that 1s ever necessary. 


Unlike other materials used for structural surfacing, it 
will always remain in its perfect condition, never crazing or 
discoloring. It is fireproof, and although as hard as flint, will 
not crack if quickly heated or chilled. 


The Urtro/lite Company has organized sales and 


installation organizations 
all over the world. These agencies are comprised of factory-trained work- 
men who understand the material and handle it without waste or experi- 
ment. Each organization has its own shop where Vitrolite is cut and 
ground to fit. The whole country is within a short distance of some one 
such construction company and will be quickly and expertly served by it. 


[ PAGE Two ] 


A corridor presenting trying lighting conditions to which Vitrolite responds admtrably, diffusing light to corners that 
would otherwise be quite dark. 


ALL CLEANING COSTS SMASHED) 


O material is so easily and a earn 
kept clean as Vitrolite. In the Jenkins 
Arcade Building of Pittsburgh, shown above, 
four and one-half miles of wainscoting is 
cleaned in twelve days by two women. 
The stroke of a damp cloth removes all 
dirt from Vitrolite’s glistening surface. 
Vitrolite corridors carry light so well that 
even turns and corners far removed from 
windows are light and cheerful. Combina- 
tions of black and white Vitrolite for halls, 
entrance ways and corridors make a very 


striking and effective combination. Soft | 
tones of cream or buff are also now offered in 
Vitrolite. These tints possess the same 
physical properties as the black and white. 

For entrances, foyers and lobbies very 
beautiful effects may be secured with color 
decorated Vitrolite. 


Every installation of Vitrolite is made by 
factory trained men whose work is absolutely 
guaranteed to be satisfactory. The selection 
of Vitrolite leaves no doubt or worry as to 
either its installation or maintenance. 


[ PAGE THREE ] 


Eeerereriseraeveereasenteeeune TYTTITILIIITITIIIIririiiilrriiiiireririiiriiciiii eluate 


POS 888686 SoS SSS TESA HST ET SSSSSSSSSSSASSHKSSTS TESTS THT ST HAS TSCA SOAS STS CSSS SSS SST SSSA TSS COTS SUS SSC SS SESTASAT SHS SES TCVSHR TH TELA S SOSA S SO STHASSOSSTTSOST SAS HSP SOS OTHSSOVHSFSSHCTSSTASSUSSSISSTASTSSSSHSTSSSSS Oss tee ees SES esseces wes 


Washroom and toilet in B & O depot, Philadelphia. Note the trim, sanitary appearance of the toilet partitions. 


CLEAN, SANITARY PUBLIC TOILETS 


OTHING. will so quickly discredit a 
whole building as unsightly toilet rooms. 
Vitrolite, even if neglected, is) never” un= 
sightly. Its hard, non-porous surface is self- 
sufficient against dirt and contamination. 
White or white-and-black Vitrolite toilet 
walls and partitions are just about as sani- 
tary and cleanly looking as imaginable. 
Dhemunpleasanteodormomssttonc marci ne 
fectants need not laden the air of Vitrolite- 
equipped toilets and washrooms, because 
Vitrolite non-porous surfaces cannot hold 
these odors nor those other odors these dis- 


infectants are intended to destroy. Vitrolite 
is so hard and smooth that even inorganic 
acids will not stain it. Sterilizing agents may 


be used without fear of discoloration. 


Vitrolite toilet partitions are assembled by 


a patented system by which no metal is left 
exposed to tarnish or corrode. This is an im- 
portant advantage. 

You can feel that you will be in complete 
accord and harmony with the strictest sani- 
tary demands, if you use Vitrolite to protect 
and preserve thorough sanitation in your 
public washrooms and toilets. 


[ PAGE FOUR ] 


Washroom in the Detroit Athletic Club. The broad surfaces of the Vitrolite wall slabs bespeak the sheerest cleanliness. 


VITROLITE WASHROOMS STAY CLEAN 


[’ is one thing to be clean and it is quite 
another to stay clean. This holds good for 
washrooms as well as for small boys. It is a 
particularly thrifty decision to pick materials 
for washrooms which are easily kept clean. 

Plumbing fixtures which are forever leav- 
ing dirt rims which have to be scoured of, 
are money losers as well as ill-will spreaders. 
Fixtures which wipe clean save so much up- 
keep that they are selected without hesita- 
tion or reservation by leading architects and 
building managers. For this same reason, 
Vitrolite should be used for walls, ceilings 


and toilet partitions. Vitrolite will wipe 
clean with a damp cloth. No grease or dirt 
will stand against this simple method of 
cleansing. Smoke, dust or dirt will find no 
lodging place upon Vitrolite’s non-porous 
surface. 

The actual saving effected by Vitrolite in 
cost of cleanliness upkeep amounts, ina year’s 
time, to a large figure. Disinfectants may be 
applied to Vitrolite without fear of discolor- 
ation or other harm. It will not craze (form 
tiny surface cracks that afford fine “nests” 
for bacteria). 


[ PAGE FIVE ] 


| 


SSSSSSRESFaS ESS saseeseessee SSSCSSSSCCSSASCSS RAT HAOHEKEDSSEEEE STATS TAK AAS SSS TSH SHSCSCSSSS FAS STAT SOS STSSSSOSSSSST SPATS SSH SSSSSASSAASS STS SES SRR SORTS RASS SS eee eee 


SseeGeeeedessaanaas 
LJ Ce S ase ciSSsSe Sess SCS RUSS TLCS S ISS SASAT CSAS SCS TRSCASSASETSASRSSKOSH ASH eReawadueneseaduanenaewnnennnnannenaennaunessanusenes® 


| 
| 


|'WHERE APPETITES ARE WHETTED 


N order that Vitrolite may be most ad- 

vantageously used for lunch counters, the 
Vitrolite Company has perfected the counter 
shown in the above illustration. In this 
counter, the result of years of experience, 
the slabs of Vitrolite are slipped into slots— 
not bolted or drilled. This gives full strength 
to the material; no jar or settling will strain 
any part of it. The frame work is of iron, 
covered with a preservative against damp- 
ness. Each lunch counter section of twenty 
feet is provided with a heavy steel cutlery 
drawer. The pilasters may be had in any color 


Lunch counter in a railway station. Clean and inviting—and easy to keep So. 


of baked enamel desired, plain or decorated. 

As explained in the following pages of this 
booklet, the Vitrolite slabs may be deco- 
rated in attractive colored designs which 
give a very pleasing effect. 

Vitrolite table tops and complete tables 
are, of course, well known for their many 
decided advantages. 

The walls and ceilings of lunchrooms are 
also well done in Vitrolite; an harmonious 
decorative scheme for walls, ceilings, tables 
and counters may be worked out to the great- 
est artistic and practical advantage. 


( AGI Six || 


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é : Z yi 


pee 


1o) ' 
le | 


we 


bee 
kes © 


The preference for Vitrolite that has for many years prevailed among operators of hotels, has found a new impetus in 
the introduction of decorated Vitrolite. It has especially reflected itself in the large number of installations of Vitrolite 
as wall and ceiling material. 


[ PAGE SEVEN] 


mt hh DD EI al hdl 


a] 
a| 
4 
a] 


seneessanenseaeen 


See sseaeeenae 


Vitrolite on walls of Tank Room, Sinai Temple, Chicago—Auttractively clean at all times. 


DAMPNESS WILL NOT AFFECT VITROLITE 


ANAGERS of buildings with swimming 

pools are eagerly accepting Vitrolite as 

a surfacing material for walls and ceilings in 

tank rooms. The fact that Vitrolite is not 

affected by steam or moisture is one impor- 
tant reason for this decided favor. 

Paint and plaster will peel and fall under 
exposure to confined water. Vitrolite will 
never change in color or lose its smooth hard 
surface as the result of exposure or service. 
A pure white swimming pool with Vitrolite 
walls is cheerful and light. No material 
is whiter, smoother or carries light so well. 


Anything worth doing is worth doing well. 
If a swimming pool is worth having, it is 
worth finishing with Vitrolite walls and ceil- 
ings. An installation of any size will be 
made and guaranteed by one of the Vitrolite 
Branch service organizations, and once in- 
stalled will materially reduce upkeep costs. 

Decorated Vitrolite on the walls will add to 
the attractiveness of any tank room. 

Factory trained men will work on the job. 
They will set Vitrolite in a plastic cement 
which will absorb shocks and allow for 
shrinking and settling. 


[ PAGE EIGHT ] 


SASF SSCR ODOT esse ene 


PUTT ETCETITE CITI rrr rrr 


TE EIELEIEIVIEII UII eer ese ere reser esy errr rrr iii @naaese 


Corner tn the Decorating Department of the Vitrolite factory. 


F recent development and un- 

usual interest 1s the application 
of colored ornament and surface 
texture to Vitrolite. This decorat- 
ing resists wear to practically as great 
an extent as the natural surface. An- 
other process which is used produces 
gray tones on black. These tones, 
standing out in relief against the 
gloss black, produce a most charm- 
ing effect. 

These two methods blend and 
contrast color, tone, or texture, and 
permit any type of decoration or 
combination of color which any 
situation may require. 

These developments give to archi- 
tects and designers of interiors a new 
and thoroughly practical medium of 
artistic express1on. 

Plain black or white Vitrolite is 
majestically beautiful. Add to it the 


variety ot designs now available and 


an unexcelled result in artistic sur- 
facing is attained. 

To develop decorative treatments 
and to co-operate with architects and 
decorators in their application, the 
Vitrolite Company maintains a de- 
partment of design, employing artists 
and designers of national reputation. 
The services of this department are 
available to all interested in Vitrolite 


and either special designs or stock | 


patterns are supplied. 

The uses of decorated Vitrolite 
are many and varied. It is particu- 
larly adaptable to buildings in which 
walls readily cleanable and yet dec- 
orative, are desired. 

Every distributor will be pleased 
to exhibit samples of decorated 
Vitrolite and suggest ways in which 
it will fit into any building. 


[ PAGE NINE ] 


ep ae a ea ee eee a” ea 
'TTTITIIIII TILT irri 


SSCHSSsAGecssseenuesecsecann 
cee SSS SSSESOSSSSCRSSRESSR SLATS SCSCA ORS SK SSS STAG STATS TASS AAAS TRA ANS SATA MATAR ESREROTOSS SR aSUREE HOSTAGE OSSSESTAsaGsaeRe eases s 


Vitrolite’s decorative possibilities well appreciated. Decorative panels show hair-cutting styles of all ages. Appropriate 


wee 


conventional designs complete the decoration. 


POPULARIZING A BARBER SHOP 


HE Art Department of the Vitrolite 

Company was called upon to design some- 
thing original in barber shop decorations and 
the illustration above shows the result. 

We know of no barber shop in the country 
like it. The traditions of the barber’s guild 
furnished the motifs for the design—the witch 
hazel and bay leaves. These are in full natural 
colors on the borders, frieze, pilasters, and 
wainscoting. The medallions represent various 
styles of haircuts dating from earliest history. 

This serves as an example of the originality 
and outstanding character of our work. There 


is no place that requires a greater necessity 
for discrimination in selecting materials that 
express real cleanness than the barber shop. It 
must be thoroughly sanitary and to make it 
a decorative triumph, simply means observing 
the well recognized principles in business that 
spell the difference between the average pay- 
ing shop and a real money maker. 

A Vitrolite finished barber shop in a hotel, 
adds the individual and distinctive quality 
that makes for popularity. Vitrolite possesses 
the merits of the ideal material impossible to 
stain, discolor or be injured with chemicals. 


[ PAGE TEN ] 


pgX PRIN a cc aeeeerseest r 


OOP nA 


NAPA AN AON PIN BOD bie de 


axa KENR Yarn eeeu 


An executive’s office. Wall panels are of etched black Vitrolite also decorated with color borders, ovals and circles. 


A DISTINCTIVE PRIVATE OFFICE 


| Pa wainscot and ceiling of the office 
shown above are of decorated Vitrolite. 
Glossy black trim with gold and black bor- 
ders, rich subdued colors in the floral motifs 
and an etched gray background produce an 
interior of sumptuous dignity. 

These walls and ceilings can be washed down 
with water or wiped with a damp cloth and 
be kept as beautiful and clean as the day they 
were installed. 

In considering Vitrolite, do not lose sight of 
the fact that there is no limit to its decorative 


possibilities, and that the decoration does not 
in any way detract from the merit of the 
product as a strong, fireproof, easily cleaned, 
age-resisting, practical surfacing material. 

Vitrolite can be placed over any kind of wall. 
It may be so cut and arranged as to accom- 
modate itself to any room shape or surface 
and to any decorative scheme. 

For office partitions, decorated Vitrolite 
will give a practical, soundproof, and beau- 
tiful effect. They may be quickly erected 
without disturbance of office routine. 


[ PAGE ELEVEN ] 


The Egyptian Room of the beautiful Hotel Keenan, Fort Wayne. Black Vitrolite tables with color decorations in the 
Egyptian manner, harmonize perfectly with the setting. Note hotel initial at center of table. 


THE CHARM OF THE UNUSUAL AT ITS BEST 


O combat keen competition it is wise to 
beautify and distinguish any place depen- 


| dent on public patronage. 


For the grill room, coffee shop and foun- 
tain room, decorated Vitrolite provides a 


| meansof wall, ceiling, and table-top treatment 


| which offers unrestricted opportunity for the 


expression of individuality and the attain- 
ment of colorful, inviting effects that lure 
the passing public, enhance enjoyment of the 
meal, and assure continual patronage. 

Aside from all this, Vitrolite is practical. 


RO 


From this standpoint alone it justifies pref- 
erence. It costs practically nothing to main- 
tain, and will last forever, always beautiful, 
cleanly and inviting. 

Vitrolite is installed by factory trained 
men. By the use of a patented plastic 
cement, which allows for settling and ex- 
pansion, Vitrolite may be installed on any 
wall. Every installation is absolutely guaran- 
teed by the Vitrolite branch that makes it. 

On page 9, factory views show decorated 
slabs ready for shipment. 


[ PAGE TWELVE |] 


DELIGHTED! 


Clomlbey 


Vi.iGz 
Ze Commete 


May 


Gee ante ‘of Commetee Button Pe 
Zoom C42, S 
WLEA Wad Wea eng low Le: 


"Bike ase 2 
pare a all Ape 5/18/22 


The Vitrolite Company, 
620 Chamber of Commerce Building, 
Chicago, Illinois, 


Gentlemen: 


A number of our patrons have expressed 
themselves as being especially well pleased with the 
new toilets and we thought that you would be glad to 
know this, ac well as the faot that we are very well 
satisfied with the installation. 


We find the new toilet especially easy 
to keep spotlessly oleen and we oonsider them thoro- 
ly practical because there is no possibility of stain- 
ing the VITROLITE or causing any ill effect asa 
result of organic acid, VITROLITE seems to be the 
right material for toilets. 


With kindest regards, we remain 
Very truly yours, 


CHAMBER OF OOMMERCE SAFETY VAULT 00, 


ees ans 


LA eS 2a 
Afly Vill Com Carey 


JENKINS ARCADE COMPANY 


Tae Jmynwys Arcane Rue 


T CLIFTON JENKINS, Paesioeny 
EQWARD E. JENKINS, Vice Pmcs 


EQWARD GRIMM cice Tacs PrirrsscRGH, Pa, 


THOMAS J BLAIR. Rewrne Aer 


December 12, 1922, 


Mr. J. W. Wiley, 

The Vitrolite Company, 
133 Wi. Washington St.. 
Chicago, Ills. 


My Dear Mr. Wiley:- 


My absence from the City was prolonged far beyond 
my expectation, hence the delay in replying to your inquiry 
of the 22nd ult. 


As you know, the corridors and toilets of this 
building, one of the largest office buildings in the Country, 
are lined with.Vitrolite. The installation was made at the 
time of the construction of the building in 1910 and has 
proven entirely satisfactory, 


The length of time and the usage to which it has 
been subjected, certainly furnish the best testimonial that 
could be offered for the adaptability of the material to such 
purposes, 


It is hardly necessary to state that in our ex- 
perience, Vitrolite has not stained nor turned yellow and as 
far as our experience goes, it has not been effected by any 
chemicals, 


Trasting that this reply will not arrive too late 
to be of service to you in connection with the Atlanta pro- 
position, we are, 

Very truly yours, 


JENKINS ARCADE COMPANY. 


VW 


The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company 


ENGINEERING OEPASTMENT 


P. KIMBALL, BALTIMORE. MD 


ENGINEER OF BUILOINGS July 27, 1923. 


The Vitrolite Company, 
Chamber of Commerce Building, 
Chicago, Illinois. 


Attention: Mr. J. W. Wiley, 
SECECEUNCHUNaNDny. 


Dear Sir: 


Referring to your letter 
of July 25 in regard to the installation of 
Vitrolite in men's toilet room in our passenger 
station at Philadelphia, Pa. 


Insofar as material is 


and we consider Vitrolite well adapted to this 
type of installation. 


Very truly yours, 


py 


concerned, the installation was very satisfactory, 


er of Buildings 


Per. ‘ 
TCJ/S ent 
OILY B. DEST, Promtdent, 
W.d: SINGLETON. Niece President. WULLAM RUPP str Canbers 


IDLINOIS STATE BANK OF QUINCY 


CAPITAL 6300,00029 


QUINCY, TALINOES, Jan. 2nd, 1921 


Vitrolite Manufacturing Co., 
Chamber of Commerce Bldg., 
Chicago, Ill. 
Gentlemen :- 

Your product "Vitrolite has been 
used in our building for some few years. As 
compared with marble, we find it costs much 
less in upkeep, presents a pleasing appearance, 
and is more economical from every standpoint. It 
not only gives us satisfaction, but pleases our 
tenants as well. 

The tning whioh pleases me the most 
is the fact that it is so easily cleaned. We do 
not have to contend with a porous surface and the 
subsequent absortion of stains which require special 
care to remove. It is as easily washed as a baby's 
face, 

Yours very truly, 
ILLINOIS STATE BANK BUILDING. 


BUR hchitete. 


Manager. 


[ PAGE THIRTEEN ] 


TABLE TOPS 


he 
oe aa 


Coes 


cs 


ot te hd es % 
Cr SO 


y 72084 
Ait § Soe SEES 


HE decorative quality that characterizes 

the standard designs for two-tone black 

Vitrolite table tops, is such as to qualify them 

for practically any selection and assure grati- 

fication of artistic demands without offense 
to the more conservative tastes. 

Some are purely classical, others more 


bs. 
weds. 


modern in their feeling; whichever the pref- 
erence a wide variety is offered in both 
formal and informal design. 

Any of the etched designs may be further 
embellished with color, in the design itself 
or by added design, monogram or crest, and 
the whole will be very effective. 


[ PAGE FOURTEEN | 


4 


Cafeteria counters done in decorated Vitrolite —pleasingly ornamental and with all the immaculate a ppearance of sheer 

white Vitrolite. Vitrolite cafeteria counters are produced, complete, in 4 ft. sections. Counters are assembled so that there 

are no holes, bolts or screws in the Vitrolite slabs. In plain white, white with two-tone black top and trim, and white 
with color decorations. 


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Lunch counters of decorated Vitrolite—very popular in the more modern lunch rooms. W. tpes clean of all spots and 
spillings—always inviting and appetizing. Produced complete in the same ty pes of Vitrolite as cafeteria counters, also 
in 4 ft. lengths, assembled in any desired number of units. No bolts or screws in the Vitrolite slabs—full strength of 
material retained by a slab system of joining. Heavy steel cutlery drawer furnished with every twenty feet of counter: 


[ PAGE FIFTEEN ] 


2886088085 S BFF 5595 SSS S588 SE888SSse 
S08 © — 5 8h OS658 FOSS SFOS S5SSSSCTSPSSHSSORSTOSCSOASSSSTH OLS STCSlLSSCHSSTSSlSSSSTSSSSCSSSSISSTASSSSSHSSESSSSSSTSTSISSESSSSSsse 


Secoe eee een nS SO be PFS CFCS ESECSEESESSCOEERESORESEGERERES SSSEESSRAASKOBESKRSETSRSSSESESSERESRABSEBSSRESSCECRSSTSSESSSBSESERS 


TTTTIITIITITII IIc sitiki irik Ce ri 


Some Outstanding FVitrolite Installations in 
Public and Office Buildings 


First National Bank... Newport News, Va. America Fore Bldg... .Chicago, Ill. 


se 


Strands ihied sl came lOly Oke mV acs: Junior Orpheum Bldg. .Los Angeles, Calif. 
Thompson Yards, Inc. .Minneapolis, Minn. So. Pasadena City Hall So. Pasadenag@aimm 
First National Bank...Duluth, Minn. B. F. Keith's Theatre, . Philadel phiayaiees 
Golden Rule Dept. SeCun tye L LUSt. CO mm amne Wilmington, Del. 
SIKOIRSS 5) fos Gia de Ste Caudle Vunn: North Western Trust 

our tablouse maa ea Superior, Wis. COM Gere eee Philadelphia, Pa. 
Parkersburg News..... Parkersbure, W. Vase mbnilip Rincon egy. ne Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Stone (oy Thomas Dept. New Jersey Tel. Gor oa 8 Newark, N. als 

: COLCA Oe eee ee Wheeling, W. Va. Knickerbocker Tel. Co. New York, N. Y. 

: The H. H. Hessler Co. .Cleveland, Ohio HevAge\V LUnSe yen anne Washington, D. C. 

: Fed. Reserve Bank Bldg.Minneapolis, Minn. Capitol Theatre....... Detroit, Michigan 

‘Representatives 

: Vitrolite: Products: Cozi eee ene 10SW. BaketsS ts newts eee ee eee Atlantas Gas 

: VitrolitezProducts: Gor. seae see 201 WeMadison Stew ae es. see. ee Baltimore, Md. 

: Vitrolite:@onstimctionm © one a an eee 21.Pearl'Sticeetar eng He ne eee Boston, Mass. 

: Vitrolite;Broducts Gomme eee 190! EI keS treet apa) aces cere aloes cee Buffalo, N. Y. 

£ VitroliteProductss@o. =e eee ee 711 Hulton: Ste ater een vere ee Chicago, Ill. 

‘ Vitrolitec@onstruction Co amass eer ee 3.15 Hammond :o terete enn a eee Cincinnati, O. 

; Vittolite:Products: Comer aaeman sn ee hee 21 Main Sti eee aes coe eee eee Cincinnati, O. 

H Vitrolite Construction i Go..4s ean une 2909 ‘DetroiteA Ver eee ee Cleveland, O. 

: Vitrolec: Construction: Comma anaes 850.Nic High sS on cereser ae etree er Columbus, O. 

: Vitcolite Construction: Come. aa nee 3220 Commerce: Styne are ener eee Dallas, Texas 

: Vitrolite:Producisa Con ew arc! ~ tee eee 520 Ex. 8th Stenson ees Denver, Colo. 

: Vitrolite. Construction: @oun.. ee eee A407 Be bort:St: eee ee ee Detroit, Mich. 

: ! VitsolicenConstriction: Conan mare wee ee $29.5. LoszAnseles) Stee ere oe eee Los Angeles, Calif. 

: ie Vitrolite Rrodu cts: Gone na arene ee ae 407 Board ‘otel tradesman tee eee New Orleans, La: 

H Vitrolites Products: Come name epee en: 7 Boston Bldgs see ey ee ee Tulsa, Okla. 

: Vitrolite@ Products} Go aeer ee ae. 87-St.. Peter Stages ee eee Montreal, Canada 

: VitrolitesProducts; Comme hat ee rene 519 KederalsReservenBank Biden een Omaha, Nebr. 

: Vitrolite: Products: Cosme saan nee eee 1218" Chestnuths Gye eee eee Philadelphia, Pa. 

: Vitrolite:Construictions@o wi nnn aee 902, Kederal<S teeth ae re ee ere re Pittsburgh, Pa. 

: Vitrolite: Construction: Co... nan 80 Grand sA vere eee, eee nt eee re ae Portland, Oregon 

: Vitrolite:Products:'Co = se. eee 17 We Salem*A vegan te errs Roanoke, Va. 

: Vitrolites@onstruction. Cos ee eee 1492>Mission:S trae oe ee San Francisco, Calif. 

: Vitrolite;Construction. Go. ea at ee ee 514.WestlakevA vex. ee Seattle, Washington 

: Vatrolite, Constniction Go. ss ean ee 360 Worthington-St..21.5, (os. ..210e ot een PrIne Helage hams 

:  Vitrolite Products, Con. eee ee 320 Chamber of Commerce.) 9) eee St. Louis, Mo. 

. Vatrolite-GonstructionsCos eae eee ee 2237) Hampden Aves een ee St. Paul, Minn. 

: Vitrolite,Construction: Cosa eee AOS MadisoniA veisen. yee os, ene ee New York, N. Y. 

: Vigrolite Products: Core a ene 35, ELOpe*S ta ee ree ee en Brooklyn, N. Y. 

H Vitfolite Construction: Gomer 1417. Dundas Stas, = ee ee Toronto, Canada 

: Cuban (Virtrolitel Couey ia ew eee P.O.) Box] 0.70 Sr eee Havana, Cuba 

» Vitrolite (Products: Co. ane ee ee 1 \Victoria)/St™ Westminster eee ne London, S. W. I. Eng. 

: Harada-shoiiskaisha,, Ltd ae eee oaltachibor Katadotie3-chonic atten aa Nishiku, Osaka, Japan 

: Vitrolite Products: Coe Retco Bldg uk qukainc =a eee eres Shanghai, China 

: Dylers; Ltd aes eee oy en 13 -Brid Ce:5 (ihe ta cene nie Reena ae Sydney, Australia 

: Joseph: Jinnetttrs; near ak ce Ween caer HoteleSt@ Rests Sco mibU \re ieee eee Mexico, DF. Mex. 

H Merino, RodrisucZee ea... aete ene Allen’ 64% 02 25h Geen eer th oh ene San Juan, Porto Rico 

: J «Hilder. d&:-Company'sy. ic sce St teva oo Sanaee ie nets cee me mn Bombay, India 

: [PS PGIES S IexcIsE EN 


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W\/ITROLITE 


EVERLASTING SLAB MATERIAL 
Applied to EATING PLACES 


SNS 


SOI SEPSIS BPE EI I OES PS OL OE td OE LT AD OE OL SELES” POP” GO” LEA” Ue 


Vitrolite slabs in varying sizes are “‘set”’ over any wall 

surfacing by means of a patented elastic cement that 

clings to the wall. This cement adjusts itself to settling, 
shrinkage or expansion, and absorbs shocks. 


ITROLITE is a material fire-fused from those minerals 

that form nature’s hardest rock. It is manufactured in 
pure white, jet black, and colors, in slabs ranging in size up- 
wards to 40x 84, and in thickness from >, to 1 inch. These 
slabs are used tor wall finishing and industrial material, and 
| tor tops of tables and other fixtures. 


Vitrolite appeals to every one because of its obvious 
cleanliness. Its perfectly smooth surtace is impossible to stain 
even with inorganic acids. There is nothing about it to hold 
odors or breed bacteria. It is easy to clean and keep clean; in 
fact, the stroke of a damp cloth is all that is ever necessary. 


Unlike other materials used for structural surfacing, it 
will always remain in its perfect condition, never crazing or 
discoloring. It is fireproof, and although as hard as flint, will 
not crack if quickly heated or chilled. 


The Urtrolite Company has organized sales and 


installation organizations 
all over the world. These agencies are comprised of factory-trained work- 
men who understand the material and handle it without waste or experi- 
ment. Each organization has its own shop where Vitrolite is cut and 
ground to fit. ‘The whole country is within a short distance of some one 
such construction company and will be quickly and expertly served by it. 


[ PAGE Two | 


———E——— SS NSS NIG SI TA TEE SEE ITs, IE OSI ty NE I EPR OT 


PEL ELL Be FTN SAUDE MEE SA SLD ES SLE SPENT FE MIP TET TE OTN BO SO RTI Rae , 


i 


| 
How clean all food appears displayed upon Vitrolite—how assuring it is that equally cleanly methods have been | 
employed in the kitchens! That is why cafeterias have for years used Vitrolite widely—not only on counters, but on | 
walls and ceilings and for table tops. 

| 

| 

| 

| 


ete iE ReEAS NEED VI PROULIT LTE 


N cafeterias Vitrolite has always been par- counters and tables. Black two-tone etched | 

ticularly popular, as its immaculate ap-  Vitrolite is a favorite table and counter top, | 
pearance is highly desirable as a setting for while color-decorated Vitrolite is used on | 
the display of foods. There is a decidedly in- counter fronts and walls. Let us not give the 
viting and appetizing element in Vitrolite’s impression, however, that pure white Vitro- 
effect in eating places, and cafeteria operators lite has lost any of its unrivalled standing 
have found its installation not only a pru- with the trade. Indeed it is doubtful whether 
dent structural choice and happy artistic any color can ever displace white for use 
touch, but an influence quickly reflected in where foods are served. 
terms of sales. Lovely table top effects, suggestive of the 

Here again, decorated Vitrolite is now be- finest linens, may also be secured by using 
ing very widely used for walls and ceilings, two-tone patterned cream-colored Vitrolite. 


[ PAGE THREE | 


FERRETS CTE STR IST raz 


eS a aS a SS eS aS aS SS St tented 


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ee ca ee 
=- —_— = TSE 


10 SORELY EVE TINE MES SEM OE 


~— 


TYPICAL VITROLI LE W Agia 


HE sketch diagrams shown above illus- 

trate In progressive order a few of the 
many ways in which Vitrolite may be used 
for interior walls. Vitrolite slabs, unlike tile 
or marble, are not limited to standard sizes. 
They are cut to order for every variety of 
requirement. From the simplest wainscot 
to the most elaborate decorative scheme 
there is a way of using Vitrolite. Any kind 
of bonding effect is possible. It serves for 
base, panels, borders, pilasters or frieze, in 
fact, any architectural member may be 


successfully expressed inv Vitreous 
While these sketches show only plain wall 
arrangements in white, Vitrolite is available 
in black and colors, and may be decorated by 
our special processes in any desired color ef- 
fect or style. It requires only a little use of 
the imagination to visualize the many effec- 
tive combinations that may thus be secured, 
a few of which are shown on another page. 
The Vitrolite Co. maintains an Art Depart- 
ment to develop the decorative possibilities of 
Vitrolite, whose services are at vour disposal. 


[ PAGE FOUR |] 


The preference for Vitrolite that has for many years prevailed among operators of eating places, has found a new 
impetus in the introduction of decorated Vitrolite. It has especially reflected itself in the large number of installations 
of Vitrolite as wall and ceiling material. 


[ PAGE ae | 


Kitchen of Clark’s Restaurant, Cleveland, Ohio. Fumes and grease cannot affect those glistening surfaces of Vitrolite. 


VITROLITE KITCHENS INVITE INSPECTION 


O the restaurant kitchen Vitrolite brings 

quick cleanability and sanitation far 
beyond the experience of those otherwise 
equipped. Its perfectly smooth, hard, non- 
porous surface is entirely impervious to 
grease, soot or fumes, and food particles can- 
not cling to it beyond the power of a damp 
cloth to remove by a mere stroke. 


Finer hotels and restaurants use Vitrolite 
on walls and ceilings and for table tops and 
shelves. The latter use is common even in 
kitchens not entirely modern in equipment. 
For Vitrolite provides a perfect working sur- 


face for all the kitchen tasks, as it can be 
kept perfectly clean, and because extreme 
temperatures cannot harm it or knives and 
utensils scar it. 

The great advantage of the incomparably 
swift cleanability of Vitrolite must be imme- 
diately appreciated by all engaged in hotel or 
restaurant business. 

Vitrolite is also very popular for walls and 
ceilings of refrigerating rooms, on account of 
its Imperviousness to moisture and odors. It 
is also widely used for serving room tables 
and shelves, and for sink drains and backs. 


PAGS Siex | 


CAFETERIA COUNTERS 
The illustration atthe right 
shows a cafeteria counter 
done in decorated Vitrolite 
—pleasingly ornamental 
and with alltheimmaculate 
appearance of sheer white 
Vitrolite. Vitrolite cafe- 
teria counters are produced, 
complete, in 4 foot sections. 
Counters are assembled so 
that there are no holes, 
bolts or screws in the Vitro- 
lite slabs. In plain white, 
white with two-tone black 
top and trim, and white 
with color decorations. 


th 


LUNCH COUNTERS 
Atthe right a lunch counter 
of decorated Vitrolite— 
very popular in the more 
modern lunch rooms. Wipes 
clean of all spots and spill- 
ings —always inviting and 
appetizing: 

Produced complete in the 
same types of Vitrolite as 
cafeteria counters, also in 4 
ft. lengths, assembled in any 
desired number of units. No 
bolts or screws in Vitrolite 
counters—full strength of 
material retained by a slab 
system of joining. Each sec- 
tion furnished with a heavy 
steel cutlery drawer. 


a 


a 


on 
Oss 


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i 


tenses | 


ee ee eek ee ed 
LP QD D+ + 


Above two-tone black Vitrolite table tops of standard design. Two-tone black Vitrolite may be used anywhere with assurance that it 

will prove attractive to all who like decorative effects and yet not offend the most conservative tastes. Other beautiful table top effects 

are secured with color-decorated white Vitrolite, two-tone white Vitrolite and color decorated, or two-tone ivory Vitrolite. An extensive 
selection of standard designs suitable for all varieties of installations is available and special designs are furnished where desired. 


[ PAGE SEVEN ] 


Dh PE Fe 


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OE ay a 


EA PPI CELE LLL cL LLL LI ELE LOLA IAD ELD PI LS Ya FR BL in Ol Be OL Oy TDD Set TT NE 


$ Some Outstanding Vitrolite Installations in Lunchrooms, ‘Restaurants, etc. 
SEL Galetcr aan see eae Akron, Ohio Manhattan Restaurant .St. Paul, Minnesota 
The Little Restaurant...Charleston, W. Va. Miller Cafeteria....... St. Paul, Minnesota 

| Central Restaurant..... Cleveland, Ohio Swittcs Companyeree: Omaha, Nebraska 
Haghe Restaurants... cleveland, Ohio Delmonica Lunch..... Hibbing, Minnesota 
Manhattan Restaurant. .Cleveland, Ohio RéyaliGate tie eee Roanoke, Va. 
Massillon Restaurant... Massillon, Ohio Blackstone Cafe.. 52... Chicago 

| KnightsRestaurant, .. Portsmouths Ohioms sPublici@2tc ase Houston, Texas 

NeéwaCryctaliG@atcare mes Minneapolis, Minn Chantley Cafe........Fort Worth, Texas 

| Thompson’s Lunch, Inc..Minneapolis, Minn. Alcott Lunch Rooms... Philadelphia, Pa. 
Collingsslbunch ty ee Duluth, Minnesota’ Feld’s Restaurant..... Philadelphia, Pa. 
Golden Rule Dept. Store.St. Paul, Minnesota Ahren’s Restaurant... .Cincinnati, Oh‘o 
Hardiness Gril ean Chicago 

| ‘Representatives 
VitrolttesRroducts: Com. an ee aera rene LO Wik Bakers Caer ence eee ee eee Atlanta, Ga. 
Vitroliteseroducts: CO na eee 20 1W eVisdison:S thems, ee ee eee ee Baltimore, Md. 
Vatrolite: Constsuccion. Coun ere a eee 21 Pearl Stee eee hes ne Boston, Mass. 
Vitrolite Products: Co. 2)... ee [90 ELK ’S tteet: aro oe ene | ine ere Buitalo; Nee 
Vatrolite: Products:Cos re. es a ee 711) Bolton Ste eevee eee eee a Chicago, Ill. 
VitroliteiConsthuction © samiEtn eae 315 Hammond (Stee een ee Cincinnati, O. 
Vitrolite Products. nes ee eee 21, Main Stosspalc 24 tee kets annie eee Cincinnati, O. 

( Vatrolite: Constrmictions Ose enee ae 2909+ DetroiteN ves aia =. eee eee ee Cleveland, O. 

/ Vitrolite Construction C ogees are aaa Lee SOOUNS Eliot. S Cane Soo og ee es Columbus, O. 

( Wi troliteGonstruction;Coa- een ae ee 3220 Comimencerst sie, otneeen a: ey ame Dallas, Texas 

N Vitrolite: Products: Govna cen orn weit 2520 Heel chy S came ee Denver, Colo. 
Vitrolite; Consttuctions Comer eee A) 7° FS Oris Gee eee nee Detroit, Mich. 
WVittolite: Gonstruction COeasstu. eee eee 829 55 Los Angeles Sta ee pe a eee Los Angeles, Calif. 
Vitroliter Products: Comuaraan ene eo ane 407; Boardiot al rademere nama a-ak eee New Orleans, La. 

eV icrolite, Products: Cc aus ee per. ee 7: Bostong Dido a gene enn ee eee Tulsa, Okla. 

WitrolitesProcducts: COmee a) 2 isan ae nee. 87- Sth Peter Stine. ware = en ee en Montreal, Canada 

) VierolitewPreducts. Gomnaaen ser ee 519 Federal Reserve Bank Bldg............ Omaha, Nebr. 

Watrolites breducts. Compete et. vere saat P2137 C0 hestna tes Case ener ey ie eee Philadelphia, Pa. 
Vacrolite: Construction, COms= ae ae ae 902 Heéderalloteset eee mee peer hens is ae’, Ae Pittsburgh, Pa. 

\ Vitrolite:@onstructionsCom-= ate een 80 Grand SA ven gener ee ee oe ee Portland, Oregon 
VitrolitesBroducts: Cogent eee L7eW s-Salemed vera weene spt ee aes Roanoke, Va. 

, Vitrolite Gonstruction Coseere ee ee 1492 eVLissiOn:S Cuenta ee ee. San Francisco, Calif. 

) Vitrolite! Construction! Comes oe ee 314 Westlakev’ yemoe mate aware ok ee Seattle, Washington 

: Vitrolite, Construction Com: nes ena. anew S00, Worthington tame ce ane: ee Springfield, Mass. 

, Vitrolitese roducts- ose a eae ana 320 ‘Ghamber of Gommercess a. ee eee St. Louis, Mo. 

2 Vitrolite; Constructions Companies PPRY Neichoryers talaaee es Os), ges 2 ee ton oo St. Paul, Minn. 

: Vitrolittes@onstnuction: Coma ae oe A090" Madison pA. ease ae Cone ee eee New YorkNaye 

? VittolterP rod ucts Co meemmien ae enter 05 TIGDE-Stsatee sare aha yceeer ee egee e Brooklyn, N. Y. 

) VitrolitezGonstrrction Com seer ne 14172 Dundaso teu ae ee een ee Toronto, Canada 
Gubanevitrolite: Core amr e eee) yee Be OSBox?1070 Sepet soe ae ere ne Havana, Cuba 

Mitrolites Products, Com a9. eee I Victoria St. Westminster.................London, S) Waleemes 
Haradasshoiyit. Kase. td ee seltachiboriuataderia3-chome annem Nishiku, Osaka, Japan 
Vitrolite; Products: (0: A maerenetere eaten BetcoiBldo ms iiukaing as ces ene Shanghai, China 
pvlers Std Ae Sa eos ae re re ISS Bridge.S tpn cases tears see eee Sydney, Australia 
Jose pls] 1m ne tinea he one eee eee HoteliStsRegis-chR oom 60S aaeeaee eee Mexico, DF. Mex. 
Merino Rodiguezm ee ee Allen 64-020" \teba interwar wae ones eee ee San Juan, Porto Rico 
J; Hilder & Company ornicn ateteng cee eater toni ee ae a ea Bombay, India 


[ PAGES EIGHT: 


CO A OT OE 


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ARCHITECTS’ 
Joy OO Sas 32 OR Op Op Os a 
No. 7 


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Specification Data and 
Interesting Cxamples 
of the use of 


VITROLITE 


The Changeless, Stainless, 
Structural Slab Material 


VITROLITE CONSTRUCTION 
COMPANY OF NEW YORK 
MADISON AVENUE AND 42nd STREET 
NEW YORK CITY 


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TEE PiOUN CHeASN UNG Age AG As Reiley aN ities 
OVERLOOKING LAKE MICHIGAN 
NSO NSE O Peo Ee Vi Ose 
SGC IO SIONS, RIGS IID IS INIT AI IDI SIRI IS QF 
DAE NORTH SHORES CHICAGO 
Ee GHaia yal G Eel 
VITROLITE BATHROOMS 


ClOTPSY RG Het O20 Baad) Eevee Rl OsLeh te ban CrOnpPsAuNinxg 


TO THE ARCHITECT 


HILE Vrrrotirs is extensively used for 
wall and ceiling surfacing, shower par- 
titions, counters, table tops and many 
other purposes, this bulletin is issued 
because of frequent requests from ar- 
chitects for data covering more spe- 
cifically its application to toilet parti- 

tions and wainscoting in wash rooms. Vrrro.rre has 
earned its popularity by proving its greater usefulness—its 


exceptional fitness—for these purposes. That it is impor- 


tant to cleanliness and real sanitation is attested by its 
recognition and repeated use by architects quite generally. 

Let us emphasize that Tue Virrotire Company accepts 
the interest of the architect as its own. To make sure that 
it is protected—and that the proper personal attention is 
devoted to it—is the motive for the establishment of the 
VITROLITE SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS in all principal cities (see 
page 15). Our aim is to render such satisfactory service 
to the architect in every instance and in every detail as to 
justify his full confidence. In the succeeding pages will 
be found the plain facts necessary to a thorough under- 
standing of Virrotire and its advantages. 


THE VITROLITE COMPANY 


REQUIREMENTS OF A PERFECT 
SLAB MATERIAL 


FE search for a_ perfectly 
satisfactory slab material is 
as old as construction itself 

and during that time practically all 
natural materials available as well as 
many manufactured materials have 
been used. 

Experience has of course revealed 
the weaknesses or faults of every ma- 
terial. VirrRoLirEe has been developed 
over a period of years by the most 
exhaustive laboratory tests and manu- 
facturing processes to meet each and 
every one of these faults. 

Examination of typical natural ma- 
terials where used in large buildings as 
partitions or wainscoting, particularly 
in toilets and washrooms, shows the 
defects due to their natural porosity. 

A porous material invites stains by 
contact with alkalis, organic chemicals 
and other foreign substances. Some of 
these stains yield to proper treatment 
—many do not. In either case there 
is an added upkeep expense. Ordinary 
cleaning materials and methods are 
frequently unsuccessful — and stains 


can be removed, if at all, only by dras- 
tic treatment. In time, the wear of 
occupancy and such cleaning methods 
destroys the artificially polished sur- 
face, producing a dead, uninviting ap- 
pearance and further increasing the 
difficulties of sanitation. 

These facts prove that a substance, 
such as) VITROLITE, 1S a smostades 
sirable material to use for parti- 
tions and wainscoting in toilets and 
washrooms, wall surfacing in labora- 
tories and surgical operating rooms and 
for counter and table tops. In such 
cases the general requirements of sani- 
tation are obvious; and a material 
that has the above disadvantages to- 
gether with an undue degree of soft- 
ness cannot measure up to the require- 
ments as to Cleanliness, Hygiene and 
Permanence. 

To meet the demand and possibil- 
ities for a material better than marble 
and thoroughly satisfactory as a per- 
manent, stainproof and hygienic wall 
surface was the incentive and chief 
reason for the creation of VITROLITE. 


WHAT IS VITROLITE? 


ITROLITE ts a modern struc- 
tural material of unusual merit. 
Briefly, its value may be summed 
up like this: Virro.irE marks the far- 


thest advance in the age-long search 
for a workable slab material having 
the strength and virtues of all others 
in use, with many new ones. Harder 


46} 


ete 


ps SSS SSS US Eanansunsansasnassasssnnnsssnsssnsssssnsnereneneeeneanenaneatenanaatann te ee 


LOCHMOOR CLUB, GROSSE POINTE, MICH. 


than flint, snow white or jet black 
all through, proof against stain by acid 
or any other agent, lustrous, inviting— 
changeless and everlasting — an out- 
standing triumph of modern enterprise 
and craftsmanship—that is Virro_ire. 

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE: 
The individuality of Virro.ire begins 
with the selection of the raw materials. 
It is composed of uniformly high grades 
of Feldspar, Fluorspar, China Clay, 
Sand, Kryolith and several special in- 
gredients. The mixture is fused at 
3000 degrees Fahrenheit — an unusu- 


ally Aigh temperature. This intense 
heat is maintained for 8 to 1o hours 
and has for its purpose: 

1.—The conversion by fusion of the 
various ingredients to a uniform, freely 
flowing, liquid state. 

2.—The formation of a homogene- 
ous mass — absolutely uniform in tex- 
ture and color. 

3.—To secure the toughness, strength 
and endurance characteristic of Virro- 
LITE. 

The selection, combination and high 
fusion of the ingredients above re- 


EXHIBIT, BATH AND SHOWER, N. W. BUILDERS’ SHOW, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. 


ferred to, and the special finishing 
processes enumerated below, used in 
its manufacture — make VirroLirE a 
distinctive product. 

While the VirroLirE composition is 
in the proper viscous stage, it is formed 
into slabs of various precise thick- 
nesses. These slabs are then put through 
an annealing process used exclusively 
in the manufacture of VirrouirE. This 
special process allows the molecules to 
become adjusted to a condition of per- 
fect equilibrium, thus not only secur- 
ing greater density but also preventing 


possible breakage in use as a result of 
molecular action tending to readjust or 
equalize unbalanced tension. 

The thicker Virro.ire slabs are 
double rolled by a process used only by 
Tue Virroire Company. Thismethod 
produces a slab in two layers, orin other 
words, a two-ply or laminated slab. 
Casting and rolling a slab in this man- 
ner increases the tensile strength ap- 
proximately 50% over that produced 
by the ordinary method. 

Commercial VirROLITE possesses 
physical properties as follows: 


48} 


| 
| 
| 
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CAPITOL SQUARE THEATRE SPW ALL ID ING IDS PIR), MTIIOTST 


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 
VITROLITE 


Sa result of the methods used 
in production, the surface of 
VITROLITE is remarkable for 

its smoothness, beauty and freedom 
from “flaws,” “chills”? and other im- 
perfections. Every square inch of the 
material is identically the same. 

Its lustrous polished surface is not 
secured by grinding or other mechan- 
ical means—it is a natural fire polish, 


is permanently new, non-porous— 
acid resisting. 

VirRoLire is harder than flint; has a 
crushing strength greater than that of 
concrete; an abrasive resistance seven 
times greater and a tensile strength 
50% greater than that of marble. It 
never crazes and does not chip, crack 
or scratch in ordinary use. 

Never loses its luster and because of 


its density and non-porous nature, 
VITROLITE is impervious to moisture 
and proof against stains by contact with 
wet cement and plaster, dirt, oils, 
cleaning compounds, alkalis, organic 
and other foreign substances. For 
these reasons it is easy to keep thor- 
oughly clean — supremely sanitary. A 
damp cloth immediately removes dirt, 
restoring its original lustrous, uni- 
formly clean surface. 


TESisSsBROVERVA ERO Uigler: 
STAINPROOF.—Note the authorita- 
tive data supplied by the Emerson 
Laboratory, Springfield, Massachu- 
setts, based on absorption tests of 
VirROLITE and marble. Thisis only one 
of the tests that prove VITROLITE Is im- 
pervious to acids as well as alkalis and 
therefore demonstrates its particular 
fitness for partitions and wainscoting 
in the modern toilet and washroom. 


EMERSON LABORATORY 
ANALYTICAL AND INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTS 


SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS 


168 Cuservvrt Straast 


Bamples Marble 


Submitted by The Vitrolite Company, Chicago, Ill. 


Received July 2, 1917. 


Test White Warble Gray Marble Vitrolite 


Relative Water 
Absorption in 24 hours 12,00 


7,31 Non-Absorbent 


Acid Test Deep Etching Deep Etching No Action 
Tenth Normal Hydro- Acid All Acid all No Acic 
ehloric acid for 30 neutralized neutralized used up 
minutes 


Staining with Urine Blight etching Slight etching No effect 
Staining with Blood No effect No effeot No effect 


Staining with Red Ink A large dif- A smaller No effect 
fuse stain stain than 
with white 
marble 


EMERSON LABORATORY 


Hoerbut Chews 


{10} 


TESTS PROVE VITROLITE STRONGER.—With reference to the com- 
parative structural strength of Virro tire and marble, the following data are com- 
piled from tests conducted by the Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: 


CROSS-BENDING TEST 


In cross-bending, the specimen was carefully placed on two supports and the load 
applied at the center until the specimen failed. 


Modulus - Pounds 
MATERIAL 4 j of per Rupture 
Square Inch 


6,240 
1,120 
1,270 
2,140 
1,870 
55145 
1,870 
2,560 


Light Cloud Vermont Marble . . 
English Vein Italian Marble 
Grey Tennessee Marble 
VITROLITE 

English Vein Italian Marble 
Grey Tennessee Marble 


Go Go Co 5. ConCon Comes 
-& tb Bb CO C CH CO CC 


COMPRESSION TEST 


This compression test was performed by slowly increasing the load on the specimen 
until it crushed. 


Inches 


Cross Section in Height Lead Load in 
i . . . 
MATERIAL See aT Total in Une Dither 


Pounds 


.084 xX 1.069 974 30,000 25,900 

.0665 x 1.052 LO7s 38,690 34,500 

.982 x .984 951 95540 9,880 
Olivo Marble 2870) XP 2905 cOUS 55370 6,360 
Grey Tennessee Marble OOS axa S02 .049 14,390 16,720 
italian English Vein Marble ABMs Soprs 042 14,710 14,770 
*Italian English Vein Marble .016 X 1.0095 ' 11,450 11,160 
VITROLITE [ORO 1X11 1070 49,000 46,200 
Italian English Vein Marble .007 X 1.044 18,260 17,350 
Meadow Tennessee Marble 19909) X 977 18,370 18,810 


The total load is the load registered by the machine when the specimen failed; the unit load is obtained 
by dividing the total load by the area of the cross-section. The results on *and* are double because of 
bearing surfaces. 


4 11} 


COBB-COOK HIGH SCHOOL, HIBBING, MINNESOTA 


GRAD ESO Hav sek Ole os Bee 
There is but one grade of Vrrro tire. 
Every piece of it is of the same stan- 
dard high quality. 

COLORSFORS) ELROEIM Ee Vie 
ROLITE is available in the following 
colors: 

White—Plain: A snowy white prod- 
uct which has long made white Virro- 
LITE a recognized standard. 

V itrolite—Decorated: DECORATED 
VITROLITE is distinctly new. The 
white VirroLite forms the base for a 
decorative treatment in color equal in 


Col- 


artistic effect to the finest china. 
ors are everlasting. (See page 2.) 

Black—Plain: Remarkable for its 
brilliant jet black character. 

Black—Decorated: In black Virro- 
LITE 1s etched practically any desired de- 
sign. Wonderfully interesting and im- 
pressive effects may be secured. (See 
page 2.) 

White 1s the standard for toilet par- 
titions and wainscoting. However, 
white and black are frequently com- 
bined to secure additional distinctive- 
ness. 


2D 


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Ns: if 


er eee 
OPERATING ROOM, ASHLAND STATE TO SiPET AAS Tir ASHLAND, PA. 


SIZES AND WEIGHTS.—Virro- 
LITE may be had in slabs of any size up 
to 50’ in width and 120” in length, in 
thickness from =” to 1” inclusive. The 
following table shows usual sizes and 
weights per square foot: 

Thickness Weight per Sq. Ft. 

4 lbs. 

534 lbs. 

634 lbs. 

8 Ibs. 

ier ANS, 

13;, lbs. 


COST OF VITROLITE.—The cost 
of Virrotire installed, compares favor- 
ably with that of a first-grade tile, or 
the better grade of marble, so that 
while its obvious merits would justify 
a considerably higher price, it is on 
practically the same price plane with 
other materials used for similar pur- 
poses. 

The price of Virro.ire can not be 
properly considered without taking 
into account the fact of its unusually 
low maintenance cost. 


{13} 


ERECTING VITROLITE AND 
VITROLITE SERVICE 


HE Virrorire Company fully 

recognizes the technical char- 

acter of structural work and the 
problems of the architect; also theneces- 
sity of skill and training in serving the 
architect as well as properly executing 
a contract, if satisfactory results are 
to be assured. 


For these reasons, there have been 


formed in the principal cities of Amer- 
ica and overseas Vitrolite service organ- 


OsPartMan) OF TH PaesiDeNT 
Boand oF PURLIC SERVES 


CITY OF ST LOUIS, 


MISSOURI. 


Oct. 4, 1921 


Mr. C. H. Hetdbrink, 
Vitrolite Sales Co., 
4116 Russell Ave., 
St. Louls, Mo. 


Dear Sir: 


Now that we have completed the three 
hundred thousand doller addition to our City 
Hospital, known as the Clinic Building, If wish 
to express to you my great satisfaction witb 
the work you installed in the operating rooms. 


These rooms, completely lined on walls 
and ceilings with Vitrolite, are a joy to behold. 
In appearance they typify abeolute cleanliness 
and, in fact, tuat 1s exactly what is accomplished 
by the work you install. 


we have also had much favorable comment 
from the publio on the comfort stations at the St. 
Louis Zoologloal Oarden, where the toilet partitions 
are constructed of Vitrolite and the valls and ceil- 
ings are completely lined with the same material, 


The satiafaction we have in the beauty of 
this work is due in no small degree to the perwunal 


attention you gave it and your evident desire to turo 


out a perfect job regardless of cost to you. 


Yours very truly, 


Preeident Board of Public Service. 


izations which are divided into two 
departments —Planning and wa Cons 
struction.” Together they assume all 
responsibility for the correct appli- 
cation, detailing and installation of 
ViTRoLiTE. They arecomposed of thor- 
oughly experienced and reliable men, 
adequately financed and equipped with 
complete stocks of Virro.iTE and all 
necessary machinery to work it. 

Architects will find these service or- 

ganizations of unusual value, 

able and willing to co-operate by 

supplying data, suggestions or 

detailing to cover the practical 

use of VITROLITE necessary for 
: submitting bids or erecting Vir- 
ROLITE in place. 

It is recommended that those 
interested 1n VITROLITE call on 
the nearest VirrRoLirE Con- 
STRUCTION Company. Any serv- 
ice organization listed will re- 
spond promptly for consultation 
without your incurring theslight- 
est obligation. Rest assured that 
VirroLire will be advocated 
only where it can be used ad- 
vantageously. 

That the performance of the 
VITROLITE service organizations 
is adequate, may be judged by 
the many voluntary and enthusi- 
astic letters of recommendation. 


{ 14} 


VITROLITE 


Vitrolite Products Co. 
LenS aj Ohnsonh eo 1... ay ee 
Fureka Glass Works ..... . 
Vitrolite Construction Co... . 
Vitrolite Products Co. 
Vitrolite Products Co. 
H. L. Fruechtemeyer 
IBEICK OA leSACGen Se cae gees 
Vitrolite Construction Co... . 
Vitrolite Construction Co... . 
Vitrolite Construction Co... . 
W. J. McGurk 
Vitrolite Construction Co... . 
Wo H>Heidbrink. | 2 
Vitrolite Construction Co... . 
ieee heal Go ae bemeeee 2 os 
J. W. Frankenbush. . . . 
Vitrolite Sales Co. 
A. T. Schreiber 
The Vitrolite Construction Co. . 
Vitrolite Construction Co... . 
Roanoke Vitrolite & Marble 
Works 
Vitrolite Construction Co... . 
Vitrolite Construction Co... . 
Vitrolite Construction Co... . 
Vitrolite Sales.Co. 27, 
Vitrolite Construction Co... . 
Vitrolite Construction Co... . 
Vitrolite Contracting Co. 


CU OLEEe Se "elma icle = sh Pee) ia Ws uel we 


Cuban Vitrolite Co. 
Vitrolite Construction Co. . . 
W. H. Anderson& Co. . =... 
Waida Shoji Kaisha, Ltd... . . 
Joseph M. Jinnett . . 

Vitrolite Construction Co. 
Shanghai 


meiePearisp 


. 2909 Detroit Ave. 
650 N-High'St. 


pg 220) COmmnictces) tae an 5 rene 


P4077. Ee HOC tae ee een Cee 
= L000" Grand A Ve. nen eer 2 
290. LosuAngeles ote amen one 


. 407 Board of Trade 


. 1218 Chestnut St. 
PE OO2. edera lis Cara aan ane 
BaCO. (STAN cA Ve eee ae ee 


. 1492 Mission St. 

. 514 Westlake Ave. 
. 360 Worthington St. 
. 4118 Russell St. 
. 2237 Hampden Ave. 
. 1417 Dundas St. 
. 327 Central Nat’l Bank Bldg. 


REPRESENTATIVES 


Atlanta, Ga. 
Baltimore, Md. 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Boston, Mass. 
405 Liberty Bldg., 15 W. Swan St. . Buffalo, N. Y. 
218 N. Union Ave. Chicago, IIl. 
21 avi ainks tec ee ee, eee . . Cincinnati, O. 
315 Hammond St. Cincinnati, O. 
. Cleveland, O. 
. Columbus, O. 

Dallas, Tex. 
Denver, Colo. 
Detroit, Mich. 
Kansas City, Mo. 
Los Angeles, Cal. 

Montreal, Que. 
New Orleans, La. 

Omaha, Nebr. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
Pittsburgh, Pa. 

Portland, Ore. 


85 Hope St. 


520. FE 718th Aves. 


S55 A0a thawte ae 


519 Federal Reserve Bank Bldg. 


Roanoke, Va. 
San Francisco, Cal. 
Seattle, Wash. 
Springfield, Mass. 

St. Louis, Mo. 
St. Paul, Minn. 
Toronto, Ont. 

Tulsa, Okla. 


17 W. Salem Ave. 


FOREIGN 


PO)7 Boxalo70 Havana, Cuba 


. I Victoria St., Westminster. . London, S.W.1, Eng. 
vie Sie er A Ce aoe 8 8 Manila, P. Islands 
4 Kitakyutaro-Machi ...... Osaka, Japan 


Sy Ot Bert Oe Somat are 3 


Mexico, D.F. 


Shanghai, China 


PROOF 


prominence. 


and many other purposes. 


gladly refer you on request. 


‘Ee Sho che Ghodhoat oho oho che thochnchn che che > 


BUILDING LOCATION 


Taft Hotel New Haven, Conn. 
Mohican Hotel Fall River, Mass. 
Fort Shelby Hotel Detroit, Mich 
Great Northern Hotel Chicago, III 
Androy Hotel Hibbing, Minn. 
St. Francis Hotel | St. Paul, Minn. 
Nicollet Hotel Minneapolis, Minn. 
Masonic Temple Richmond, Va. 
; Off CE | Book Building Detroit, Mich 
Buildings General Motors Building Detroit, Mich 
Yellow Cab Co. Chicago, III 
| People’s Gas Building Chicago, III 
| Powers Building Hibbing, Minn. 
enkins Arcade Building Pittsburgh, Pa. 


HE specification and use of Virrotire in the buildings listed below 
will serve as proof of its recognition by architects of national 


There are thousands of other structures of various types, large and 
small, in all parts of the country where Virro.ire ts paying a daily divi- 
dend in economy and satisfaction. Not only in service as toilet parti- 
tions and wainscoting, but also for interior wall and ceiling surfacing, 


There are Virro.tire installations in your vicinity—to which we will 


dociodls diedincte diecho cto che che dhe diechodie dhe oho the che che tech she hecho the > 


Pe Ee Pep pS Pera ara 


PE Be ee eee pp Pa ee Sip Po BP BP On? OH AP BP ORR 


AR CHIT E CA 


Geo. Darling & Son 
Schmidt, Garden & Martin 


Halstead & Sullivan 


C. M. Robinson 
Louis Kemfer 
Albert Kahn 
(Private plans) 


Halstead & Sullivan 


C. M. Topp 


Public Comfort Station Springfield, Mass. 


Waterbury Fire Station Waterbury, Conn. . . . 


Buildings Municipal Building Detroit, Mich 
Capital Square Comfort Station . . . . | Detroit, Mich 


Douglass County Court House Superior, Wis. 
Conrt House arene = Gaylord, Minn. 


Schools | Phi Kappa Psi House Amherst, Mass. 


River Rouge High School Detroit, Mich 


Cobb-Cook High School Hibbing, Minn. 
University of Minnesota Library Building | St. Paul, Minn. 
Virginia Technical High School Virginia, Minn. 
Jefferson and Washington School . . . . | Redwing, Minn 
Holy Family School Tulsa, Okla 


4 16} 


Memorial Building Ironwood, Mich... . . 


University of Pennsylvania Stadium. . . | Philadelphia, Pa. NGS 


Louis Walsh 


Van Leyen, Schilling, Klough & 
Reynolds 

Bell & Kinport 

E. W. Radcliffe 

Burner & Macomber 


Putman & Cox 

Day & Klauder 

Van Leyen, Schilling, Klough & 
Reynolds 

Wm. T. Bray 

C. H. Johnston 

Carl E. Nystrom 

C. E. Bell 


BUILDING 


LOCATION 


ARCHITECT 


Theatres 


Strand Theatre 

Capitol Square Theatre 
Madison Theatre 
Lowe’s Theatre 


Holyoke, Mass. 
Detroit, Mich 
Detroit, Mich 


| 


San Francisco, Calif. . . 


| Los Angeles, Calif... . 


Geo. Alderman & Co. 
C. Howard Crane 
C. Howard Crane 


Telephone 
Buildings 
and Ex- 
changes 


Springfield Exchange 
Telephone Buildings 
(Exchanges at Hickory, Mouthway, 

Market, Garfield, Lincoln, Glendale) 
Chicago Telephone Co. 
Tri-State Telephone Bldg 


Springfield, Mass. 
Detroit, Mich 


Chicago, Il 


Minneapolis, Minn. 


(Private plans) 
Smith, Hinchman & Grylls 


Downs & Eads 


Banks 


Security Trust Co. 

Lynchburg National Bank 

First National Bank 

Wayne County & Home Savings Bank 
Federal Reserve Bank 

First National Bank 


Wilmington, Del. 
Lynchburg, Va. 
Newport News, Va. 


Minneapolis, Minn. 


Deccie Mich eee 


Dulhan 
| Oklahoma City, Okla. 


J. Dockery Thompson 
A. C. Bassom 
Ferguson & Caltron 
Albert Kahn 

Cass Gilbert 


Elk’s Club 
Edgewater Golf Club 


Albert Kahn 
Stratton & Snyder 


Dalton R. Wells 


Department 
Stores 


BI 


Crowley-Milner Co 
J. L. Hudson Co 
M. Rich Brothers 


Hillman’s 

Harris-Emery Co 

Emporium 

Golden Rule Department Store 


Detroit, Mich 
Detroit, Mich 
Atlanta, Ga. 
Chicago, Ill 
Chicago, Ill 
Des Moines, Ia 
St. Paul, Minn. 
St. Paul, Minn. 


Hospitals 


Chapin Memorial Hospital 


Holyoke City Hospital Nurses’ Home . . 


Gilbert & Barker Hospital 
Ashland State Hospital 


Retreat for the Sick 
Jefferson Surgical Hospital 
Bluefield Sanitarium 

State Hospital 


Harper Hospital 
Ford Hospital 


St. Joseph’s Hospital 
Evanston Hospital 
American Hospital 
St. Mary’s Hospital 
Fairview Hospital 
Deaconess Hospital 


-— 


Springfield, Mass. 


Ashland, Pa. 
| 


| Richmond, Va. 
Roanoke, Va. 
Bluefield, W. Va. 
Akron, Ohio 


St. Louis, Mo 
Evanston, Ill 
Chicago, Il 
Minneapolis, Minn. 
Minneapolis, Minn. 


Madison, S. D. 


417} 


Holyoke, Mass. .. . 
West Springfield, Mass. . 


Detroit, Mich... . . . 


| DY-ye cost guy Otel) ae 


Albert Kahn 

Smith, Hinchman & Grylls 
Hentz, Reid & Adler 
(Private plans) 

(Private plans) 

Proudfoot, Bird & Rawson 
Bueckner & Orth 


. C. H. Johnston 


Kirkham & Partlett 

Geo. Alderman 

McClintock & Craig 

Louis L. Stockton and Henry 
C. Pelton 

Carneal & Johnston 

H. M. Miller 

Alex. B. Mahood 

Louis L. Stockton, Henry C, 
Pelton, Associate 


| Malcomson, Higginbotham & 


Palmer 


| Malcomson, Higginbotham & 


Palmer 


J. H. Wheeler 
Hewitt & Brown 
Oliver P. Moe 


SPECIFICATIONS 
VITROLITE TOILET PARTITIONS 


OR the purpose of securing 
eee: economy in production 

and lowest possible first cost to 
the consumer, the Virrouire Gravity 
Toilet partition is constructed in units 
standardized throughout which are fac- 
tory assembled and fitted. All parts are 
interchangeable, giving the greatest 
degree of flexibility, permitting quick 
installation, and are labor saving. For 
the above reasons we recommend the 
VITROLITE gravity type. 

The company recognizes, however, 
that other types of Virrouire toilet par- 
titions have found favor with certain 
architects. Special types will be built, 
therefore, to meet specifications. THE 
VirroirE Company, throughits Archi- 
tectural Service Bureau, willalso gladly 
co-operate with architects in designing 
or detailing to meet any requirements. 

The standard toilet stalls consist of 
VITROLITE veneered “Armco” rust- 


architect upon request. 


‘&e ato af dhe dhe 


proof sheet iron mullions and cap with 
reinforced Virroire partition panels 
and cap, also Virro.ire backs. 

In Virrouire standard gravity type 
partitions there are no exposed nuts, 
bolts nor iron frame parts visible after 
installation has been made and hard- 
ware attached. There is absolutely no 
drilling in the Virro.ire, Vitro-Cement 
being used to set Virrouire slabs to 
frame work which has been prepared 
beforehand, with sand dashed varnish 
coating. 

The standard Virro.ire partition is 
34" thick, double faced, and contains 
within itself a shock-absorbing cushion 
which affords protection against the 
most severe shocks. 

Mullions run to floor and are se- 
curely anchored. (We do not recom- 
mend nor furnish vitreous china nor 
white porcelain enamel cast iron stand- 
ards with our standard construction.) 


sith Slt ic dh th te Be Bes et 
®uarantee : 


aR VITROLITE partition, which proof shows is not serviceable due = 

to its construction, will be replaced, because we know it to be £9. 
based on the right principle and that it will meet all conditions in actual ° 

service. Separate and full size sets of blue prints and specifications ioe 

covering VITROLITE toilet partitions will be furnished promptly to any e 

To 

2 


PPP PP PES PEEP ESELESESEEEEE 


Holset 


SUGGESTED SPECIFICATIONS 


PARTITIONS 


Att toilet partition stalls and backs shall be of Vitrolite 
manufactured by The Vitrolite Co., Chamber of Commerce 
Bldg., Chicago, Il., with cores for mullions and cap made 
up in the following manner in accordance with shop draw- 
ings submitted by contractor doing this work and subject to 
approval of architect. 


Nore.—In public work where statutes prohibit the speci- 
fication of a single product the words ‘‘or other similar fire 
finished products’’ may be inserted. 


MULLIONS 


Aut mullions to consist of 22 gauge “Armco’’ rust-proof 
sheet iron cores of standard widths, 74” deep and 8034” 
high from finished floor line to underside of metal cap, and 
to be properly reinforced, also provided with means for 
anchoring to floor and bolting to underside of cap. Metal 
blocks for receiving hinges and strikes shall be securely 
welded in place as shown in drawing covering this work. 
All cores are to be provided with a coat of cheap varnish 
dashed with sand, to which 74” Vitrolite slabs are cemented 
with Vitro-Cement furnished by the Vitrolite contractor. 


CAPS 


Cap is to consist of 22 gauge “ Armco”’ rust-proof sheet tron 
core 314” high by 7” deep, properly reinforced and slotted 
on bottom side for bolting to top of mullion. All metal cap 
to be provided with one coat of cheap varnish dashed with 
sand, to which 33," Vitrolite slabs are cemented with Vitro- 
Cement furnished by Vitrolite contractor. 


FRAMES 


Att metal framework is to be set up in a workmanlike man- 
ner before Vitrolite is cemented in position, care to be taken 
that mullions and caps are bolted solidly together and 
securely anchored to floor and walls, also provided with 
cheap varnish coat dashed with sand to form rough surface 
for Vitro-Cement to adhere to when Vitrolite slabs are 
installed. 


CONSTRUCTION 


STANDARD units call for finished center mullions 6”, 8” and 
12’ wide, 2" deep and 80” high. Wall mullions adjustable 
to any width, 2” deep and 80” high. Free standing mul- 
lions (right and left) 4” and 8” wide, 2’ deep and 80” high. 
These heights are from finished floor line to underside of 
cap which in turn is 4” high by 2’ deep. Total overall 
height of stalls in front 7’. 

Each partition shall consist of panel 52” high and cap 8” 
high, the panel to be supported at front by Vitrolite base at 


back of center mullion 12’’ high and by the same manner 
and method at the wall. The two members of this parti- 
tion shall be constructed as follows: 

Panel and cap shall be made up of two pieces of Vitrolite 
;"’ thick mounted back to back with plastic cement on a 
felt core, making finished thickness of 34’”. Panel to have 
all edges ground exact, cap to have true ground edges and 
to be grooved at both short ends for fastening to slot and 
back of steel mullion and at wall. 


FREE STANDING PARTITIONS 


Free standing partitions used in connection with similar 
mullions, shall run to floor and consist of base 12” high, 
panel 52’ high and cap 8” high to be constructed as follows: 

Base and panel shall each be made up of two pieces of 
Vitrolite 3,’ thick mounted back to back with plastic 
cement on a felt core, making finished thickness of 1”, and 
to have all edges ground exact as per drawing. The cap 
shall be in two sections, the outside section to have all 
edges ground exact and inside section to have true ground 
edges with grooves at both short ends for fastening to slot 
in mullion and at wall. 

The stalls shall be erected as above described and in a 
workmanlike manner. 


DOORS 


Att toilet doors shall be. . . . (Specify)... .and unless other- 
wise specified are to be furnished by. . . .(Specify contrac- 
tor)..... However, this contractor shall drill necessary 
holes for hardware as per templet furnished. 


Nore.—Standard construction calls for wood doors 136" 
thick 60” high, and width as required to fit door opening. 


HARDWARE 


Att hardware shall be solid brass, nickel plated, as follows: 
Hinges—All doors (either double or single acting) shall be 
hung with Lawson Universal Spring Hinge, Vitrolite Spe- 
cial, No. 2434. Strikes—For double acting doors use Lawson- 
Vitrolite Strike No. 1890-DA and for single acting doors, 
Lawson-Vitrolite Strike No. 1890-SA. Latches—All latches 
to be Lawson Latch No. 1990. Indicators—Where indicated 
on plans use Lawson Indicator No. 1985. The above hard- 
ware furnished by the Vitrolite Co., Chicago, III. 


Nore.—In the use of Lawson Universal Spring hinge, toi- 
let doors may be set, at any time, to automatically stand 
closed or open at any angle, when not occupied. Only a 
wrench is needed to quickly adjust hinge so door will swing 
either in or out of compartment as desired by architect or 
building owner. 


When work is completed all Vitrolite shall be thoroughly 
cleaned for inspection of architect. 


-{ 19 }- 


SPECIFICATIONS 


VITROLITE WAINSCOTING 


OR wainscoting and interior wall 

and ceiling surfacing VITROLITE is 

furnished in various thicknesses, 
widths and heights. To avoid con- 
troversies that may arise in the absence 
of explicit instructions the thickness 
and size of materials desired should be 
definitely specified, or clearly shown 
on plans. 


The following sizes of VirroLire are 
recommended for the different pur- 
poses classified below: 


BASE.—Virro.tite Ye, 98 or 34” 
thick, in heights from 6” to Tae 
where cove base is not used. If cove 
base is desired this should be specified 
and the size should be given. 


PANELS.—Panels7%” thick, Virro- 
LITE 24" to 30’’ wide and with heights 
depending upon overall height of com- 
plete wainscot. 

CAPS.—Virro.ite 54” or 34" thick, 
from 3” to 8” in height. 

WALLS ABOVE WAINSCOT 
LINE.—In cases where walls above 
wainscot line are to be run to ceiling, 


CEMENT BOLT IN WALL 
LEAVING HEAD PROJEC’ 
# BEYOND VITROLITE. 


TENING 


VITROLITE 5" or 16” thick, of Ashlar 
construction, in sizes 9’ x 18’ or 12’ x 
By 

CEILINGS.—Either 14” or 5%’ 
thick Virrotire of Ashlar construc- 
tion, or square plates cemented in back 
and held securely in position with vitre- 
ous china buttons, screwed to wood 
furring strips. 

The following suggestions are sub- 
mitted as an aid in framing specifica- 
tions. In using them care should be 
taken, as above indicated, to cover 
fully the preference of the architect 
with reference to thickness and: sizes 
of Virro.irE as well as any special 
points. THe Virro.ire Company, 
through its Architectural Bureau and 
Service Organizations, will gladly con- 
fer with architects with reference to the 
adaptability of Virro.ire, and co- 
operate with them in detailing its use, 
preparation of specifications, etc. 

Full size blue prints and architects’ 
standard specifications covering the 
use of Virrotire will be promptly fur- 
nished on request. 


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WHERE. VITROLITE OCCURS t 


{ 20 }- 


SUGGESTED SPECIFICATIONS 


MATERIAL 


In all rooms designated for wainscoting, Vitrolite, manufac- 
tured by the Vitrolite Company, 618 Chamber of Com- 
merce Bldg., Chicago, IIl., shall be furnished as per specifi- 
cations shown on drawings and details, and installed to the 
satisfaction of the architect. 


Note.—In public work where statutes prohibit the speci- 
fication of a single product, the words ‘‘or other similar fire 
polished products’’ may be inserted. 


OMG EAI EN’ 


Virro.ite shall be first class in all respects, with face edges 
chamfered and exposed edges polished. 


DRAWINGS 


DeratLep drawings will be furnished by the architect for 
all work requiring them. The Vitrolite contractor shall 
make and submit for the architect’s approval, shop draw- 
ings showing proposed installation. 


MEASUREMENTS 


Berore proceeding with the work, all dimensions on plans 
are to be verified at building. 


GROUNDS 
(To be included under Carpenters’ Specifications) 

Iw all rooms where Vitrolite wainscoting is called for, con- 
tractor shall furnish and set suitable wood grounds at top 
and bottom of wainscoting so located as to give Vitrolite 
contractor 76 of an inch bed of Vitro-Cement. These 
grounds to be set plumb and true for plasterer to screed to 
when preparing backing for Vitrolite. 


PLASTER BASE COAT 
(To be included in Plaster Specifications) 


Att walls behind Vitrolite wainscoting to be prepared as 
follows: To be plastered with cement mortar coat or brown 


coat with floated finish straight, plumb and true and ap- 
proximately 54’’ back of finished face of Vitrolite panel. 
Corners of wall to be cut square and walls to be screeded 
to grounds at top and bottom. 


CONSTRUGELON 


Warnscotinc shall consist of base 75” thick Vitrolite, 6’” 
in height. Panels shall be 75” thick Vitrolite, 24” wide and 
—' high (height depending upon overall height of complete 
wainscot). Cap shall be 74” thick Vitrolite, 3’” in height. 


SETTING 


Att Vitrolite wainscoting to be set in 3; of an inch Vitro- 
Cement, plumb, straight and true and pointed with Vitro 
pointing material. Face of base and cap shall project 76 
of an inch beyond face of panel, unless otherwise specified. 


SIZING 


Watts behind Vitrolite shall{be furnished by the plaster 
contractor, but prepared with wall sizing (damp proofing) 
material recommended by the Vitrolite Company and fur- 
nished by the Vitrolite contractor. 


DRILLING 


Tue Vitrolite contractor shall do such necessary fitting to 
fixtures and drilling of holes to accommodate his work to 
other trades. Any drilling, however, to be done after holes 
have first been laid out by other contractors interested. 


APPROVAL 


Upon completion of work all Vitrolite shall be thoroughly 
cleaned for inspection of architect and passed by him before 
acceptance of job is given. 


{21} 


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PEE SOE TUE LY OR ViIEROLTT E 


N the structural field VirroLirEe 
has proved admirably adapted 
to a wide range of uses. It is 

unexcelled for toilet and shower 
partitions and wainscoting in halls, 
corridors, washrooms and toilets in 
clubs, hospitals, office and public 
buildings, and is particularly invit- 
ing for apartment building entrances. 

SCHOOLS.—In the school, Vir- 
ROLITE solves the problem of Van- 
dalism. Wooden and marble wain- 
scoting and plaster walls have an 
uncanny attraction for the knife, 
pencil and crayon of embryo sculp- 
tors, carversand poets. VITROLITE 


stops this completely — its hard- 
ness and smooth, fire-polished sur- 


face nullify any efforts of this sort. 
HOSPITALS.— Vitro tire 1s es- 


sential in hospitals. It is aseptic 
and can be installed in large slabs 
so that seams and joints are reduced 
to a minimum. No chemicals can 
stain or react with it. It does not 
craze and can be sterilized without 
injury. For these reasons, Virro- 
LITE is widely used in hospitals 
where the demand for utmost sani- 
tation in everything that enters in- 
to the construction and equipment 
of an operating, laboratory, diet or 
utility room, is vital. 


RESIDENCES.—In the home, 


apartment or hotel, VirroLire 1s 
ideal for bathroom, lavatory, kitch- 
en and pantry walls, shower par- 
titions, table and cabinet tops. 

DEG Ae AN Dsk GheVA LOR 
SHAFTS.—It 1s popular and supe- 
rior for light shaft surfacing because 
of its high light reflecting character 
and the ease with which its surface 
may be kept free from stains. Ex- 
cellent for elevator shafts for the 
same reason. 

INDUSTRIAL USES.—Virro- 
LITE is extensively used in the indus- 
trial field and is unsurpassed for 
laboratory walls and ceilings, brine 
freezing rooms in ice cream fac- 
tories, interior walls and ceilings in 
bakeries, interior walls in electric 
power stations, cooling rooms and 
refrigerators, wall surfacing in cream- 
eries, dairies and ice cream plants, 
and for table tops and counters in 
industrial lunch rooms. 

VITROLITE is most effectively used 
in the interiors of markets, bakeries, 
restaurants, lunch rooms and con- 
fectioneries for such purposes as 
surfacing walls, ceilings, counters, 
bulkheads and basing. 

In barber shops Virro_ire 1s used 
for mirror frames and wainscoting 
because it is attractive, sanitary 
and easy to keep spotlessly clean. 


{ 31} 


/ 


Your Own Design or Ours 
Reproduced in 
VITROLITE DECORATED 
INTERIORS 


derful achievement. Practically any design can be re- 
produced in a richness of color that cannot be surpassed 
by the decorations on the finest china. For artistic interiors 
such as lobbies, theater entrances, banks, restaurants, lunch 
rooms, confectionery stores, bathrooms, barber shops and many 
other places Virro tire decorated lends itself most ingeniously 


Meets decorated is an innovation — truly a won- 


to a new and artistic treatment of the highest order. 

The examples reproduced here naturally can give only a faint 
idea of the possibilities of this remarkable decorative wall sur- 
facing now available to Architects. 

THE VITROLITE ARCHITECTURAL SERVICE BurEAU will cheer- 
fully furnish any desired information about this material. The 
scope of this service to Architects is broad, helpful and without 
obligation. 

Request Portfolio No. 9. It contains illustrations and data 
which will show you how this material may be used to get in- 
dividuality and impressiveness to interiors at a reasonable cost. 


Mailed promptly, without obligation. 


DESIGNED AND PRINTED BY R.R. DONNELLEY & SONS CO., CHICAGO 


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